Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 7 pdf

... linkages (Guzman-Maldonado and Paredas-Lopez 1995; Kuriki and Umanaka 1999). © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 92 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels both the -1 , 4- and -1 ,6-glucosidic bonds ... & Francis Group, LLC 96 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels 7. 7. 2 Gl u c o a m y l a S e Most of the commercial production of glucoamylase (GA) is carried o...

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... The cell-free fermented TABLE 6.1 Composition of Different Types of Molasses Item Type of molasses Cane Beet Citrus Extract Starch Brix 79 .5 79 .5 71 .0 65.0 78 .0 Total Solids (%) 75 .0 77 .0 65.0 ... CBS 2 37 Y 74 94 UCD 505 UCD 595 ATCC 26603 DADY BAKER ATCC 26602 NCYC 90 Y 2034 CBS 1235 93 90 86 83 81 81 77 77 62 57 55 35 73 70 67 65 63 63 6...

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... ml (15% of oil); 35°C; 72 h 91.1 Step-wise addition of methanol in presence of acetate buffer Ban et al. (2001) © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 202 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels TABLE ... to inactivation of the enzyme. In addition, the major by-product glycerol blocks the active sites of © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 206 Handbook of Plant-...

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... infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of plant- based biofuels / editor, Ashok Pandey. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 97 8-1 -5 602 2-1 7 5-3 (alk. ... © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 10 Handbook of Plant- Based...

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... search for viable biofuels. The EU has also adopted a proposal for a directive on the promotion of the use of biofuels with measures ensuring that biofuels account for at least 5 .75 % of the market ... the availability of biomass. Methanol is currently made from natural gas but can also © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 14 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels f...

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... cyclopentenolone, 1-acetyloxy-2-propanone, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-2-pyrone, 2-methoxy- 4- methylanisole, 4-OH-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, maltol, etc. (Diebold 2000). Inorganic components can be present in bio-oil in ... ethanol, 2-propene-1-ol, isobutanol, 3-methyl-1-bu-• tanol, ethylene glycol, etc. Ketones: acetone, 2-butanone, 2-butanone (mek), 2,3-butandione, cyclo-• pentanone, 2-pentanone,...

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... of methyl esters as a function of water content in transesteri- cation of triglycerides. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 50 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels autoclave is poured into ... Fuel properties of tallow and soybean oil esters. JAOCS 72 :15 57 1564. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 52 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels oil, reaction temp...

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... very bad with regard to Based on de Bont, J. A. M. and J. H. Reith, personal communication. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 70 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels biofuels should be developed ... 62 74 . Wyman, C. E. 2004. Ethanol fuel. In Encyclopaedia of Energy, ed. C. J. Cleveland, 54 1-5 55. New York: Elsevier. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 66 Handbo...

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... secreting α -amylase (0.18 g g-dry cell -1 h -1 ) showed threefold higher specic ethanol production rate than the α-amylase-displaying non- occulent yeast strain (0.06 g g-dry cell -1 h -1 ). ... α-amylase is 10 -6 m which is three orders of magnitude lower than the secreted α-amylase with a diam- eter of 10 -9 m (typical diameter of globular proteins) an...

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... LLC 126 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels DP and increases the bulk density. Sometimes, the surface area of the treated mate- rial can decrease due to agglomeration of the particles and collapse of ... by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 122 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels ABSTRACT In nature except in cotton bolls, cellulose bers are embedded in a matrix of other...

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