Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 3 ppt
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 3 ppt
... 37
3. 3.4 .3 Pyrolysis of Lignin 37
3. 3.5 Pyrolysis Reactors 38
3. 3.6 Properties of Bio-Oils 38
3. 3.7 Composition of Bio-Oil 39
3. 3.8 Composition of Pyrolysis Gas and Char 40
3. 3.9 Uses of Bio-Oil ... Liquid Fuels 34
3. 3.1 Slow Pyrolysis 35
3. 3.2 Fast Pyrolysis 35
3. 3 .3 Flash Pyrolysis 35
3. 3.4 Mechanism of Pyrolysis of Biomass 36
3. 3.4.1 Pyroly...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 12 ppt
... LLC
Section III
Production of Biodiesel
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
178 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
conversion on a weight basis, this represents a maximum of 12% of diesel fuel use ... LLC
180 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
eties, an additional 800 thousand tons of vegetable oil would be available. Or if
future improvements could increase oil...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 18 ppt
... add-
ing commercial natural antioxidants such as pyrogallol (PY), propylgallate (PG),
tert-butylhydroxyquinone (TBHQ), 3- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), and
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol ... stability of karanja
methyl esters.
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
260 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
a = A × (moles of MeOH per mole of oil)
p
× (percent KOH)
q...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 20 (end) ppt
... D240 – 36 .50 42.5
Viscosity (mm2/s) at 40°C ASTM D445 1. 9-6 .0 5.81 3. 8
Flash point (°C) ASTM D 93 >110 130 48
Cloud point (°C) ASTM D2500 -3 –12 4 -1
Pour point (°C) ASTM D97 -1 5–10 -8 -1 6
© ... yield of the
process and the production cost of the biodiesel. The molar ratio is dened as the
ratio of number of moles of alcohol to number of moles of t...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 1 potx
... infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of plant- based biofuels / editor, Ashok Pandey.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 97 8-1 -5 602 2-1 7 5 -3 (alk. ...
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Handbook of
Plant- Based
Biofuels
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
10 Handbook of Plant- Based B...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 2 potx
...
Selectivities
(wt%)
100Fe/
6Cu/5K/
25SiO
2
100Fe/6Cu/
5K/3Al
2
O
3
/
22SiO
2
100Fe/6Cu/
5K/5Al
2
O
3
/
20SiO
2
100Fe/6Cu/
5K/7Al
2
O
3
/
18SiO
2
100Fe/6Cu/
5K/10Al
2
O
3
/
15SiO
2
100Fe/
6Cu/5K/
25Al
2
O
3
CH
4
C
2–4
C
5–11
C
12–18
C
19+
6 .3
24.5
26.8
21.9
20.5
8.7
27.8
27.6
21.2
14.4
10.4
30 .8
32 .2
15.8
11.0
10.7
29.9
33 .9
15.0
10.6
14 .3
33. 4
40.0
6.0
6.1
17 .3
46.5
3...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 4 pot
... of methyl esters as a function of water content in transesteri-
cation of triglycerides.
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
50 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
autoclave is poured into ...
Dilution with
Hydrocarbons
FIGURE 4 .3 Use of vegetable oils as petroleum alternative fuels.
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
48 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofue...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 5 potx
... In Encyclopaedia of Energy, ed. C. J. Cleveland, 54 1-5 55.
New York: Elsevier.
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
66 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
ecological risks, biofuels can only ... Sucrose-to-Ethanol 60
5.2 .3 Starch-to-Ethanol 61
5.2.4 Lignocellulosics-to-Ethanol 62
5 .3 Outlook for Bioethanol Development 65
5 .3. 1 Drivers for Fuel Ethanol Development 65...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 6 pdf
... (gallons)
ATCC 4 132
CBS 237
Y 7494
UCD 505
UCD 595
ATCC 266 03
DADY
BAKER
ATCC 26602
NCYC 90
Y 2 034
CBS 1 235
93
90
86
83
81
81
77
77
62
57
55
35
73
70
67
65
63
63
60
60
48
44
43
27
© ... Ingram. 19 83. Lipid composition of Zymomonas mobilis: Effects of
ethanol and glucose. J. Bacteriol. 154: 1291– 130 0.
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, L...
Handbook of plant based biofuels - Chapter 7 pdf
... linkages (Guzman-Maldonado and Paredas-Lopez 1995;
Kuriki and Umanaka 1999).
© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
92 Handbook of Plant- Based Biofuels
both the -1 , 4- and -1 ,6-glucosidic bonds ... HYDROLYSIS OF BOTH -1 , 4- AND
-1 ,6-GLUCOSIDIC LINKAGES
7. 5.1 G
l u c o a m y l a S e S (ec. 3. 2.1 .3)
This class of enzymes, also referred to as amylogucos...