Ferroelectrics Physical Effects Part 6 pot

... (c E ij =(∂σ i /∂ε j ) E ): (c E )= ⎛ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎝ c 11 c 12 c 13 c 14 00 c 12 c 22 c 23 c 24 00 c 13 c 23 c 33 c 34 00 c 14 c 24 c 34 c 44 00 0000c 55 c 56 0000c 56 c 66 ⎞ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ (1) Coefficients of piezoelectric stress (e ij =(∂P i /∂ε j ) E = −(∂σ j /∂E i ) ε ): (e)= ⎛ ⎝ e 11 e 12 e 13 e 14 00 0000e 25 e 26 0000e 35 e 36 ⎞ ⎠ (2) 1 96 Ferroelectrics ... done by consideri...

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... 180 nm with a surface RMS roughness of 14 .6 nm [Mao et al., 2010a]. Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 72 and remanent polarization (2P r = 6, 2 µCu/cm 2 ) we observe for strongly oriented ... Phys., Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 554- 560 Tajitsu, Y., (1995). Effects of thickness on ferroelectricity in vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene copolymers, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.,Vol....

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... pp. 855- 862 Kumar, M. M.; Palkar, V. R.; Srinivas, K. & Suryanarayana, S. V. (2000). Ferroelectricity in a pure BiFeO 3 ceramic, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 76, No. 19, pp. 2 764 -2 766 Kundu, ... (∼58 at.%). Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 3 86 polarization, as well as the lowest electric coercive field of the BiFeO 3 film appeared at the annealing temperature of 65 0°C...

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... (Novotná et al. 20 06) or for molecules having a hockey-stick form (see Fig. 7). Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 3 96 estimated from the M-H curves are shown in Figs. 26( d) - 26( g). M 10kOe ... carbon in the central part of the molecule. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Vol. 166 , pp. 167 -171 Beresnev, L. A. & Blinov, L. M. (1981). Pyroelectric properties of liquid crystals....

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... (S C ) Transition. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 18, pp. 351- 366 , ISSN 1 366 -5855. Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 482 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0 ,6 0,80 0,85 0,90 0,95 1,00 1,05 1,10 1,15 1,20 1,25 1,30 m B p=0.3, ... 0,0 0,2 0,4 0 ,6 0,8 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 ξ /a 0 p (a) 0,0 0,2 0,4 0 ,6 0,8 0 ,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 m p (b) 0,0 0,2 0,4 0 ,6 0,8 0,...

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... 61 40Å 1 C / x y 4.08 3.87 3.72 4.33 3.73 2 C / xz 5.35 5.00 4.88 5.59 4.55 3 C / y x 4.02 3.47 3.01 3.50 2.83 4 C / y z 4.39 4.19 4.01 4. 26 3.90 5 C / zx 4 .63 4. 46 4.41 4 .66 4.29 6 ... 4880Å 5390Å 5890Å 61 40Å 1 C x y 4.024 3.819 3.722 4.328 3 .67 7 2 C xz 5.243 4.895 4.770 5.552 4.451 3 C y x 4.084 3.525 3.092 3. 562 2.913 4 C y z 4.353 4.118 3.9 46 4. 261 3. 86...

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... 3,944.32 19 ,64 1 11,572. 56 21,180 15,151.52 Área Cost ($/year) 2,8 26 3,495. 36 3,200. 46 3,023 4, 563 .18 2,943 4,000.38 Pumping ($/year) 2,424 1,532.93 743. 86 1 ,63 8 1,355 .61 2, 868 1,103.1 76 Cold ... 14,980 5 ,65 3.77 11,409 6, 095.52 Aux. Cool. ($/year) * * * 3, 960 3,952.45 m c (kg/s) * * * 58 46 T c out (K) * 3 16 335.73 319 338 .61 T h out (K) * * 3 16 3...

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... materials (chapters 1 to 8), the book will focus on particular effects associated with ferroelectricity: piezoelec- Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 24 corresponds to ω , 2 ω and 3 ω . Other ... Pattanaik S., and Billinge J.L., Chem. Mat. 10 361 1 (1998). Yamamoto T. and Ohashi S., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 34 5349 (1995). Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 10 Fig. 3....

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... 555 68 0 1080 1080 60 0 88 2Ba2TB 40.0 40.0 40.0 510 64 0, 66 0, 69 0 975 1090 570 107 3Ba3TB 42.85 42.85 14.30 510 62 5 975 1 260 2BaTB 50.0 25.0 25.0 475 560 , 740 940 1110 512 115 Ba2T 33.33 66 .67 ... 1987]. Ferroelectrics – Physical Effects 64 Point T m , (°C) Composition, mol% B 2 O 3 :BaO:TiO 2 E 1 850 76. 0:20.0:4.0 E 2 835 75.0:21.0:4.0 E 3 850 63 .5:3...

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... below the Curie temperature. -4588.8 -4588.4 -4588.0 -4587 .6 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 - 460 2.4 - 460 2.0 - 460 1 .6 - 460 1.2 - 460 0.8 Cubic PbTiO 3 Tetragonal PbTiO 3 Energy , eV Displacement ... Electronegativity Pd 5.12 2.20 Au 5.1 2.40 Cu 4 .65 1.90 Ag 4. 26 1.93 Pt 5 .65 2.20 Ni 5.15 1.91 Cr 4.5 1 .66 Ta 4.25 1.50 Al 4.28 1 .61 Table 2. Work func...

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