Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 3 ppt
Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 3 ppt
... of environmental incidents involving veterinary medi-cines became part of the UK Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillance Scheme (SARSS) in 1998. The Veterinary Medicines Directorate is the ... activity. The UK SARSS scheme has identied the following issues when identifying environmental incidents: Veterinary medicines are not actively monitored in the environment by r the UK environment ... Chemistry (SETAC)28 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment greater than 1 μg L–1. In the terrestrial branch, veterinary medicines that are endo- and ectoparasiticides used in pasture will be...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 2 ppt
... (SETAC)8 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment veterinary medicines. However, taken together these data sets are likely to reect the general picture of usage of veterinary medicines in Europe, ... Chemistry (SETAC)16 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment 2.4 SUMMARY The impact of veterinary medicines on the environment will depend on several factors, including the amounts used, animal ... via the use of veterinary medi-cines in pasture-reared animals where residues from medicines will be excreted directly into the environment. Veterinary medicines applied to land by spreading...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 1 pdf
... for veterinary medi-cines in the environment 2) Exposure assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 3) Effects assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 4) ... of veterinary medicines in the aquatic environment 5) Effects assessment of veterinary medicines in the aquatic environment The specic objectives of the meeting were as follows:1) To review the ... Degradation 33 3. 3.2 Combination Products 35 3. 3 .3 Renement of Environmental Exposure Predictions 36 3. 3.4 Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Veterinary Medicines 36 3. 3.4.1 Case Study of a Probabilistic...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 4 potx
... (SETAC)92 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment Boxall ABA, Kolpin D, Halling-Sørensen B, Tolls J. 20 03. Are veterinary medicines caus-ing environmental risks? Environ Sci Technol 37 :286A–294A.Burka ... PECinitial, depending upon the duration of the treatment period for the medicine, the size of the facility, the ow rates in the facility, and other fac-tors. In the receiving water the rates ... 2010 3. 38.11618Median 17 2.8 3. 5Sulfadiazine 6 8 -3 5-9 Hogs 25 3 61 10.4Sulfamethazine 5 7-6 8-1 HogsMin 46Median 110Sulfathiazole 7 2-1 4-0 Hogs11617680Median 118SulfadimethoxineMin...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 5 pdf
... 2004b. Veteri-nary medicines in the environment. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 180:1–91.Boxall ABA, Kolpin D, Halling-Sørensen B, Tolls J. 20 03. Are veterinary medicines caus-ing environmental ... 55: 236 –242.© 2009 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC)98 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment The chapter includes a critical evaluation of the state of veterinary ... metabolized in the treated animal or be degraded in the environment, and it may be the metabolites or degradates that pose the risk; 4) veterinary medicines are highly unlikely to exist in the environment...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 6 pot
... determining the inputs and fate of veterinary medicines in the soil environment. Models used for estimating concentrations of veterinary medicines in animal manure and in soil, and the fate ... (SETAC) 138 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment different times during the grazing season and at different frequencies. For exam-ple, the recommended dosing for cattle using doramectin in Dectomax ... Veterinary Medicines in the Environment are needed to understand these mechanisms for veterinary medicines, and the VICH guidelines indicate that a case-by-case evaluation has to be conducted. The...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 7 pot
... 158 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment ploughing). Contamination by veterinary medicines primarily occurs when manure or slurry from treated animals is removed from conne-ment facilities ... impactEndpoints LC/EC50 values/NOECThese endpoints are used in the derivation of the PNEC and fed into the risk assessment.NOECThis endpoint is used in the derivation of the PNEC and fed into the ... (SETAC)164 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment (PEC) values through modeling (see Chapter 6), they also provide valuable infor-mation that can be utilized to decide the appropriate design of the...
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Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 8 (end) potx
... CONCLUSIONS The SETAC Workshop on Veterinary Medicines in the Environment concluded the following:1) The impact of veterinary medicines on the environment will depend on several factors, including the ... mixtures of veterinary medicines and mixtures containing veterinary medicines and other contaminant classes.9) There should be development of clear guidance specic to veterinary medicines for ... and the use of veterinary medicines in pasture-reared animals, where pharmaceutical residues will be excreted directly into the environment. Veterinary medicines applied to land by the spreading...
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AEROSOL CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE ENVIRONMENT - CHAPTER 3 pot
... has (3. 36) The deviation of the salt concentration from the initial value takes place only in a very thin layernear the drop surface: (3. 37)and deeper inside the drop volume c = c0.THERMAL ... on x, keeping the terms ∼ x 3 : (3. 26)Equation 3. 25 is applicable if the following inequality is true: (3. 27)Because (3. 28)and (3. 29)then, instead of Equation 3. 27, we have that ... should be added to Equation 3. 38 to find the steady-state temperature Y(τ): (3. 40)There are two complications in solving Equations 3. 38 through 3. 40: (1) non linearity due to the presence of Πs(Y,...
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AEROSOL CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE ENVIRONMENT - CHAPTER 7 pptx
... (cm–1)PbCrO4 839 (M) 37 8 (vW)Na2CrO4, xH2O 33 40, 32 50 (vH2O) 938 (M), 9 23 (M), 891 (H), 8 53 (vH), 810 (M) 438 (W), 35 0 (W)K2CrO4906 (M), 877 (M), 869 (H), 8 53 (H) 39 4 (vW), 38 9 (W), 34 8 (M)CaCrO4905 ... 420and 37 0 cm–1 (ν2 and ν4).2 6 -3 0Campbell 30 had defined two types of chromates from vibration spectra:1. “Type I chromate” spectra previously described (Na-, Ca-, Ba-, Sr-, Rb-, Li-, Ag-, ... present in the smallest sizes (< ;3. 3 µm). In the context of occupational health, the similarity of distributions of the valency of chromiumas collected by the two impactors at the same site indicates...
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