Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 3 ppt

... of environmental incidents involving veterinary medi- cines became part of the UK Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillance Scheme (SARSS) in 1998. The Veterinary Medicines Directorate is the ... activity. The UK SARSS scheme has identied the following issues when identifying environmental incidents: Veterinary medicines are not actively monitored in the environmen...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... (SETAC) 8 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment veterinary medicines. However, taken together these data sets are likely to reect the general picture of usage of veterinary medicines in Europe, ... Chemistry (SETAC) 16 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment 2.4 SUMMARY The impact of veterinary medicines on the environment will depend on several fa...

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... for veterinary medi- cines in the environment 2) Exposure assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 3) Effects assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 4) ... of veterinary medicines in the aquatic environment 5) Effects assessment of veterinary medicines in the aquatic environment The specic...

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... (SETAC) 92 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment Boxall ABA, Kolpin D, Halling-Sørensen B, Tolls J. 20 03. Are veterinary medicines caus- ing environmental risks? Environ Sci Technol 37 :286A–294A. Burka ... PEC initial , depending upon the duration of the treatment period for the medicine, the size of the facility, the ow rates in the facility, and other fac...

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... 2004b. Veteri- nary medicines in the environment. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 180:1–91. Boxall ABA, Kolpin D, Halling-Sørensen B, Tolls J. 20 03. Are veterinary medicines caus- ing environmental ... 55: 236 –242. © 2009 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 98 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment The chapter includes a critical evaluatio...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... determining the inputs and fate of veterinary medicines in the soil environment. Models used for estimating concentrations of veterinary medicines in animal manure and in soil, and the fate ... (SETAC) 138 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment different times during the grazing season and at different frequencies. For exam- ple, the recommended dosing...

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... 158 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment ploughing). Contamination by veterinary medicines primarily occurs when manure or slurry from treated animals is removed from conne- ment facilities ... impact Endpoints LC/EC 50 values/NOEC These endpoints are used in the derivation of the PNEC and fed into the risk assessment. NOEC This endpoint is used in the deriva...

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... CONCLUSIONS The SETAC Workshop on Veterinary Medicines in the Environment concluded the following: 1) The impact of veterinary medicines on the environment will depend on several factors, including the ... mixtures of veterinary medicines and mixtures containing veterinary medicines and other contaminant classes. 9) There should be development of clear guida...

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... has (3. 36) The deviation of the salt concentration from the initial value takes place only in a very thin layer near the drop surface: (3. 37) and deeper inside the drop volume c = c 0 . THERMAL ... on x, keeping the terms ∼ x 3 : (3. 26) Equation 3. 25 is applicable if the following inequality is true: (3. 27) Because (3. 28) and (3. 29) then, instead o...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... (cm –1 ) PbCrO 4 839 (M) 37 8 (vW) Na 2 CrO 4 , xH 2 O 33 40, 32 50 (vH2O) 938 (M), 9 23 (M), 891 (H), 8 53 (vH), 810 (M) 438 (W), 35 0 (W) K 2 CrO 4 906 (M), 877 (M), 869 (H), 8 53 (H) 39 4 (vW), 38 9 (W), 34 8 (M) CaCrO 4 905 ... 420 and 37 0 cm –1 (ν 2 and ν 4 ). 2 6 -3 0 Campbell 30 had defined two types of chromates from vibration spectra: 1. “Type I chromate” spectra...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20