Veterinary Medicines in the Environment - Chapter 2 ppt

... (SETAC) 8 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment veterinary medicines. However, taken together these data sets are likely to reect the general picture of usage of veterinary medicines in Europe, ... Halling-Sørensen 20 00; Boxall et al. 20 04). Over the past 10 years, the scientic community has become increasingly interested in the impacts of veterinary...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... (SARSS) in 1998. The Veterinary Medicines Directorate is the licensing authority for veterinary medicines in the United Kingdom and runs the SARSS nationally. The SARSS runs parallel to the pharmacovigilance ... Chemistry (SETAC) 28 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment greater than 1 μg L –1 . In the terrestrial branch, veterinary medicines that...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... for veterinary medi- cines in the environment 2) Exposure assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 3) Effects assessment of veterinary medicines in the terrestrial environment 4) ... Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of Veterinary Medicines 23 3 .2. 1.1 United States 24 3 .2. 1 .2 European Union 25 3 .2. 1.3 Ja...

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... (SETAC) 92 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment Boxall ABA, Kolpin D, Halling-Sørensen B, Tolls J. 20 03. Are veterinary medicines caus- ing environmental risks? Environ Sci Technol 37 :28 6A 29 4A. Burka ... 144 Sulfamethoxazole Min Tetracycline 6 0-5 4-8 Hogs 60 5 — 27 2 3-6 5090000 Median 420 999 Trimethoprim 73 8-7 0-5 Hogs 8 5 168 0-3 990 Median 25 89 11...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... 55 :23 6 24 2. © 20 09 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 98 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment The chapter includes a critical evaluation of the state of veterinary ... 1999; Giddings et al. 20 00, 20 01, 20 05), including human and veterinary medi- cines (Brain et al. 20 04, 20 05a, 20 05b; Richards et al. 20 04; Wilson et al...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... this chapter, we describe those factors and processes determining the inputs and fate of veterinary medicines in the soil environment. Models used for estimating concentrations of veterinary medicines ... Veterinary Medicines in the Environment are needed to understand these mechanisms for veterinary medicines, and the VICH guidelines indicate that a case-by-...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... 1998, 20 01; Vale and Grant 20 02) . Estimating the likely within-season effects of veterinary medicine usage on dung fauna is challenging. Predicting the longer term impact of these effects on the ... Jaworska 20 00; Forbes and Callow 20 02) . © 20 09 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 160 Veterinary Medicines in the Environment 7.4 TIE...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... CONCLUSIONS The SETAC Workshop on Veterinary Medicines in the Environment concluded the following: 1) The impact of veterinary medicines on the environment will depend on several factors, including the ... mixtures of veterinary medicines and mixtures containing veterinary medicines and other contaminant classes. 9) There should be development of clear guida...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... 2 41 4 41 =− () −− + ()                 =− () −− + ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ π β πβ π β , , II rkRT T 2 2 4 ()                 ∞ πβ I BbA A BbA A BBBBBB gg 1 22 1 1 1 12 2 2 2 22 11 11 22 12 21 1 1 = − () − () +− () −−+ − I BbA A BbA A BBBBBB gg 2 11 2 2 2 21 1 1 1 22 11 11 22 ... (project 4 427 8) and from the Petroleum Research fund of the American Che...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... 22 5.7 0.543 100 Accumulation 22 5.7 0.56 25 Accumulation 22 5.7 0.551 25 Accumulation 22 5.7 0. 629 50 Accumulation 22 5.7 Weighted mean 0.614 Total: 324 Standard deviation 0 .20 5 Variance 0.0 42 L 829 /frame/ch07 ... Accumulation 22 5.7 0 .22 8 20 0 Accumulation 28 6.5 0.181 100 Accumulation 28 6.5 Total: 455 Weighted mean 0 .20 5 Standard deviation 0.03 Variance 0.0008...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20