ORGANIC POLLUTANTS: An Ecotoxicological Perspective - Chapter 13 pot

... cheaper and, because chemical analysis is not © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 242 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition the use of organotin compounds. Thus, ... & Francis Group, LLC 244 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition 13. 2 MEASURING THE TOXICITY OF MIXTURES As explained earlier, toxicity test...

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... an ecotoxicological perspective / Colin H. Walker. 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 97 8-1 -4 20 0-6 25 8-8 (alk. paper) 1. Organic compounds Toxicology. 2. Organic ...                               FIGURE 1.3 Some toxins from animals and microorganisms. © 2009...

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... 14.3 in Chapter 14), as, for instance, in the case of changes in the transmission of action potential © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 94 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, ... (b) Dis- appearance of persistent organochlorine insecticides from soils (from Walker et al. 2000). © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 92 Organic Pollutants: An Eco...

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... lipophilic forms of organomercury and organotin, can readily cross membranous barriers such as the © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 164 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second ... R–Hg–X, where R is an organic group and X is usually an inorganic group (occasionally a polar organic group such as acetate). The organic group is nonpolar (or rel...

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... polluted beaches and rock pools has led © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 190 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition to an upsurge of the plants upon which ... Benzo(a)pyrene (BP) BP oxide (4,5) (K region) 4 MO MO Trans-diol G-SH conjugate Phenol 10 9 8 O 7 7,8-oxide BP 7,8-trans-diol BP 7,8-trans-diol 9,10-oxide is form binds to DNA H H OH...

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... metabolite, O,O,diethyl,-O-(3,5-dichloro- 6- methylthio-2-pyridyl-O-phosphorothioate), was evidently formed as a result of gluta- thione-mediated dechlorination of the leaving group (see Chapter 2, Figure ... of resistance, for example, by © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 216 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition by monooxygenase appears t...

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... day 12 were from four animals and three animals, respectively (from Huckle et al. 1989). © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 224 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second ... compounds may be transferred via rodents to terrestrial predators and scavengers that feed © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 228 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological...

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... including acting as an estrogen (o,pb-DDT and p,pb-DDT) and an antian- drogen (p,pb-DDE). Concentrations in most environments, however, are generally now at, or below, the no-observed-effect levels. ... the anuran species Rana pipiens, Rana sylvatica, and Bufo americanus (Allran and Karasov 2001). Studies by Hayes et al. have suggested that atrazine can induce hermaphrodit- ism in amph...

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... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Factors Determining the Toxicity of Organic Pollutants to Animals and Plants 31 inhibited by, planar molecules (e.g., planar PAHs and coplanar PCBs). This can be explained ... Francis Group, LLC 52 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition of lipophilic compounds into water-soluble metabolites and conjugates, which are exc...

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... terrestrial and aquatic food chains, situations in which fate is determined by both biological and chemical processes. © 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 70 Organic Pollutants: An Ecotoxicological ... examples illustrate the dangers of hasty or supercial judgment in envi- ronmental risk assessment, and the importance of rigorous case-by-case analysis. Another factor that can...

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