Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 9 ppt
Radionuclide Concentrations in Foor and the Environment - Chapter 5 pptx
... the behavior of long-livedradionuclides in soil.Factors in uencing the behavior of radionuclides in soils are mainly the chemical properties of the radioelement and the characteristics of the ... temperature, and soil management. Finally, the pH value is an importantparameter controlling the kinetics of elements in soil and consequently the kinet-ics of radionuclides. In order to understand the ... on the possible increase in the concentration of somenatural radionuclides in soil, water, and even in the airborne dust in the State ofChihuahua, Mexico, due to human activities. The mining...
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Radionuclide Concentrations in Foor and the Environment - Chapter 9 pot
... spec-trometer. A correlation curve between the count rate of the γ-raystandard and the sample counting efficiency is obtained using a set ofquenched standards. The α particle-emitting radionuclides ... 10 MeV, and cannot be used for low-energy - and x-rays because they cannot penetrate the aluminum detector window and high-energy γ-rays might pass through the sensitive volume without interaction.For ... source (a list of radionuclides is given in Table 9. 3) of a known radionuclide concentration and their main energy lines that cover the energy rangeof interest. The γ-ray spectrum and the full peak...
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Radionuclide Concentrations in Foor and the Environment - Chapter 10 pptx
... 346 Radionuclide Concentrations in Food and the Environment 10. 2.4 MASKING OF ILLICIT MATERIALSKnowledge of the underlying deficiencies of radiation detection instruments and the inherent ... detectors, and Peltier-cooled PINdetectors [61]. A PIN detector works in the same way as a p-n junction, but ithas an intrinsic layer between the p-n junctions, hence the term PIN. For portableinstruments ... Radionuclide Concentrations in Food and the Environment 10. 3.2.3 Sample Storage and Transportation 349 10. 3.3 The Nuclear Forensics Laboratory 350 10. 3.3.1 Introduction 350 10. 3.3.2 Imaging...
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Radionuclide Concentrations in Foor and the Environment - Chapter 12 ppt
... table. The table has been updated and reproduced in Table 12. 17 in amended form. It is helpful in gaining an under-standing of the various regulations and recommendations now in force and theirunderlying ... LIMITS IN FOOD AND DRINKING WATER The methodology for estimating the MPC of radionuclides in food and drinkingwater is well established and goes back to the earliest regulations in radiationprotection. ... that are incor-porated in the GLs in Table 12. 18. 12. 6 NATIONAL REGULATIONS FOR RADIOACTIVITY IN DRINKING WATER 12. 6.1 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS 12. 6.1.1...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 1 ppt
... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Nanotechnology and the Environment 6 019 8.indb 1 6 /12 /08 1: 31: 28 PM© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC4 Nanotechnology and the Environment Health (BAuA), Federal ... exposure and worked in the area of regulatory compliance for worker and commu-nity right-to-know legislation.6 019 8.indb 11 6 /12 /08 1: 31: 30 PM© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC2 Nanotechnology ... 6 /12 /08 1: 31: 28 PM© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLCvi Nanotechnology and the Environment Chapter 10 Nanoparticle Use in Pollution Control 225Kathleen Sellers Chapter 11 Balancing the Risks...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 2 pptx
... Applications 23 2. 4.1 Titanium Dioxide 25 2. 4 .2 Zero -Valent I ron 25 2. 4.3 Silver 26 2. 4.4 Carbon Black 27 2. 4.5 Carbon Nanotubes 28 2. 4.6 Fullerenes 29 2. 5 Summary 30References 31© 20 09 by Taylor ... nanomateri-alstoillustratevariousaspectsofnanotechnology.Unlessotherwisenoted,productinformationinthischapteroriginatedfromtheNanotechnologyConsumerProductsInventorymaintainedbytheWoodrowWilsonInstitute[1].CONTENTS 2. 1 Denitions 12 2 .2 Classication of Nanosca le Mater ials 13 2. 2.1 Origin 13 2. 2 .2 Composition and Structure 13 2. 2.3 Free versus Fixed Nanoparticles 15 2. 3 Properties of ... Technology, 12: 228 25 8.NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.31. Nowack,B.andT.D.Bucheli .20 07.Occurrence,behaviorandeffectsofnanoparticlesin the environment. Environ. Pollut.,150:5 22 . 32. Lyon, D.Y.,...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 3 potx
... workerexposure. The environmental question that then arises is the capture and reuse of© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC46 Nanotechnology and the Environment FIGURE 3. 5 Example of template-directed ... 33 3. 1.1 Manufacturing: Form and Function 33 3. 1.2 Looking Forward…Looking Back 34 3. 2 A Brief Pr imer on Ma nufactu ri ng Processes 35 3. 3 Ramications of Worker Exposure and Environmental Issues forNanomanufacturing ... forNanomanufacturing 40 3. 3.1 Four “Generations” of Nano-Product Development 40 3. 3.2 The Impact of “Engineered” Nanomaterials 42 3. 3 .3 Integ rati ng Nanopa r t icles into Nanoproducts 43 3.4 Summar y 47References...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 4 pot
... CAA§112(f)(2) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(f)(2). 41 . 42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(r)(1). 42 . CAA § 112(r)(2)(A), 42 U.S.C. § 741 2(r)(2(A). 43 . CAA§112(r)(3 )-( 5) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(r)(3 )-( 5). 44 . CWA§101(a),33U.S.C.§1251(a). 45 . CWA§301(a),33U.S.C.§1311(a). 46 . ... http://www.epa.gov/air/particles/pdfs/whitepaper20051220.pdf.35. 42 U.S.C.,§ 741 2.36. CAA,§112(b)(2) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(b)(2).37. CAA,§112(b)(3)(B) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(b)(3)(B).38. CAA,§112(d)(2) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(d)(2).39. 42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(d)(5). 40 . CAA§112(f)(2) ,42 U.S.C.§ 741 2(f)(2). 41 . ... single- and multi-walled car-bon nanotubes (CNTs), and nano-sized zero-valent iron (nano-Fe0)“toensurethat [the Framework] is exible, practical, affordable, and effective.” The nal docu-ment...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 5 potx
... (SPM)Scanningprobemicroscopy(SPM),arelativelynewertool,providesatruethree-dimensionalsurfaceimage.SPMincludesavarietyofdifferenttechniques,includ - ingatomicforcemicroscopy(AFM)andscanningtunnelingmicroscopy(STM),whichhaveprovenusefulforimagingandmeasuringmaterialsatthenanoscale.SPMtechniquesarebasedonamechanicalsurveyofthesurfaceofanobjectorpar - ticle.Averynetipmountedonacantileverscansoverthesurfaceofinterest,fol-lowingthesurfaceprole.Interactionsbetweenthetipandthesurfacedeectthetipasitfollowsthesurfaceprole.Themovementofthetipinresponsetotheinterac - tioncanbemonitoredwithalaserreectedfromthecantilevertoaphotodiodearray(Figure5.2).STMmonitorstheweakelectricalcurrentinducedasthetipisheldasetdistancefromthesurface.STM,undersomeconditions,canprovidechemicalcomposition ... of Standards and Technology (NIST)In early 2006, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) launched anewstate-of -the- artCenterforNanoscaleScienceandTechnology(CNST) [57 ] .The CNST ... 114 5. 4 Nanotechnology Measurement Research and Future Directions 1 15 5.4.1 United States 1 15 5.4.1.1 N IOSH 1 15 5.4.1.2 U.S. Government-Sponsored Research 117 5. 4.1.3 National Institute of Standards...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 6 pdf
... a()e"©«ª¹»º©«ª¹»º41451 6 030903U¬¬®¼¾½½ (6. 27)where n isthenumberofbindingsitesuponthenanoparticle.Examplesofthedif-ferentialrelationsareprovidedinFigure6.6forC60fullerene-fullerene[A]andC60fullerene ... [31]. 6. 5 CONCLUSIONSLaboratoryandeldstudiestodateshowhownanomaterialsinteractwitheachotherandwithotherenvironmentalconstituentstoaffecttheirfateandtransport .The physicochemical properties of the ... Sediment 1 46 6.4.2 Groundwater 148 6. 5 Conclusions 150 6. 6 List of Symbols 151References 152© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC1 36 Nanotechnology and the Environment Hence,theprobabilityofagivenreactionoccurringinthetimeperiodoft+Y...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 7 docx
... because the toxicity of nanomaterials and theirfateandtransportintheenvironmentwerenotwellunderstoodatthetime,theBritishRoyalSocietyandtheRoyalAcademyofEngineeringrecommendedthat “factories and ... nano-C60, the water-stable aggregate that formswhen fullerenes (C60) come in contact with water.Their research shows that the pHofthewateraffectstheparticlesizeofthenano-C60,andtheionicstrengthaffectsthestabilityofthenano-C60insolution[26].Similarly, ... Nanotechnology and the Environment 7. 2.4 SAND FILTERSBrownian diffusion is the dominant mechanism governing the transport of nanopar-ticles through the granular lter. As theypassthroughthelter,nanoparticlesareremovedfromtheuidstreambyseveralprocesses,including:1....
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 8 potx
... curve,whichistypicallyanS-shapedfunction.Plottedonagraph,withthedoseonthex-axisandthepercentoforganismsaffectedonthey-axis,thecauseoftheinectionsintheS-shapedcurveareduetothepresenceofsensitiveindividualsinthelowdoseranges and tolerant individuals in the ... the greatest risk to the lung because they can betransportedlikeagasandreachthedeepestportionofthelungs,thealveoli .The latterstructuresarecrucialforthetransportofoxygentothearterialbloodandtheexchange ... Ecosystems 180 8. 4.1 Methodologies for Evaluating Hazards and their Limitations 188 8. 4.2 Discussion of Results 189 8. 5 RecommendationsforManagingtheRisksofFutureNanomaterials and their Product...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 9 ppt
... 195 9. 1.3 Critical Variables 195 9. 2 Exposure and Effects through Ingestion 196 9. 2.1 Diffusion 196 9. 2.2 Endocytosis 199 9. 3 Exposure and Effects through Dermal Absorption 200 9. 4 Exposure and ... reported dose-dependent lesions, primarily inter-stitial granulomas, in both the 7- and 90 -day groups. The lesions were more promi-nentinthe90-dayanimals.Micealsoweretreatedwithquartzandcarbonblack(whose ... alter the projections of potential adverseeffect and thereby the risk.CONTENTS 9. 1 Risk Assessment and Nanomaterials 194 9. 1.1 Effects of Steric Hindrance 194 9. 1.2 Inammatory and Immune-Based...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 10 doc
... StateUniversity.ThisBNPcontains99.9wt%ironand0.1wt%palladiumandpoly - mersupport.Thepolymerisnottoxic;theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationhasapprovedtheuseofthepolymerasafoodadditive.ThepolymerlimitstheabilityofthenZVIparticlestoagglomerateandadheretosoils.Casestudiespresented© ... charac - teristicsofthereagent,butalsoontheowofgroundwaterthroughtheaquifer ,the groundwater geochemistry, and the nature of the aquifer materials. nZVI can oxi - dize rapidly and agglomerate and ... indicatedthat the average particle size in RNIP-10DS, as received, was 38 nm and the averagesurface area 25 m2/g.Inanotherstudy,thePolyondivisionofCraneCo.commissionedLehighUni-versity and the Whitman...
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Nanotechnology and the Environment - Chapter 11 (end) pot
... hazard and exposure data, and lack of standardtoolstocombineLCAandRA(Step4). 11. 2.2 NANO RISK FRAMEWORKEnvironmental Defense, a U.S based non-prot environmental advocacy group, and the multi-national ... LLCBalancing the Risks and Rewards 257 11. 3 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSDevelopmentofalternativematerialsandnewcatalystsbasedonnanotechnologyoffers many potential benets to human health and the environment. ... part of the ISO environmental managementstandards(ISO14040),usesamassandenergybalancetodeterminethepotentialeffects of product manufacture on human health and the environment. More for-mally...
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Từ khóa: nature and the environmentlord of the flies chapter 9 summaryunit 6 the environment lop 9unit 6 the environment lớp 9lord of the flies chapter 9 plot developmentlord of the flies chapter 9 12 summaryNghiên cứu sự hình thành lớp bảo vệ và khả năng chống ăn mòn của thép bền thời tiết trong điều kiện khí hậu nhiệt đới việt namNghiên cứu tổ chức chạy tàu hàng cố định theo thời gian trên đường sắt việt namđề thi thử THPTQG 2019 toán THPT chuyên thái bình lần 2 có lời giảiBiện pháp quản lý hoạt động dạy hát xoan trong trường trung học cơ sở huyện lâm thao, phú thọGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitGiáo án Sinh học 11 bài 13: Thực hành phát hiện diệp lục và carôtenôitĐỒ ÁN NGHIÊN CỨU CÔNG NGHỆ KẾT NỐI VÔ TUYẾN CỰ LY XA, CÔNG SUẤT THẤP LPWANQuản lý hoạt động học tập của học sinh theo hướng phát triển kỹ năng học tập hợp tác tại các trường phổ thông dân tộc bán trú huyện ba chẽ, tỉnh quảng ninhPhát triển mạng lưới kinh doanh nước sạch tại công ty TNHH một thành viên kinh doanh nước sạch quảng ninhTrả hồ sơ điều tra bổ sung đối với các tội xâm phạm sở hữu có tính chất chiếm đoạt theo pháp luật Tố tụng hình sự Việt Nam từ thực tiễn thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Phát hiện xâm nhập dựa trên thuật toán k meansNghiên cứu tổng hợp các oxit hỗn hợp kích thƣớc nanomet ce 0 75 zr0 25o2 , ce 0 5 zr0 5o2 và khảo sát hoạt tính quang xúc tác của chúngQuản lý nợ xấu tại Agribank chi nhánh huyện Phù Yên, tỉnh Sơn La (Luận văn thạc sĩ)BT Tieng anh 6 UNIT 2Tăng trưởng tín dụng hộ sản xuất nông nghiệp tại Ngân hàng Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn Việt Nam chi nhánh tỉnh Bắc Giang (Luận văn thạc sĩ)Giáo án Sinh học 11 bài 15: Tiêu hóa ở động vậtHIỆU QUẢ CỦA MÔ HÌNH XỬ LÝ BÙN HOẠT TÍNH BẰNG KIỀMTÁI CHẾ NHỰA VÀ QUẢN LÝ CHẤT THẢI Ở HOA KỲ