... pathwayssuch as Grb2, Ras-ERK, and phosphoinositol 3 kinase(PI3K) [36-40]. However, p38 kinase activity, which isimportant in IFN-α and IFN-γ induced transcription, isnot involved in IFN induced ... p38alpha Map kinase in TypeI interferon signaling. J Biol Chem 2004, 279(2):970-979.17. Platanias LC: The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase path-way and its role in interferon signaling. Pharmacol ... been characterized in mammalian cells: Extracellular Regulated Kinases (ERK1 and 2), Stress activated/c-Jun N terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), p38 MAP kinases, and ERK5 [11].Interestingly, ethanol modulates...