WETLAND AND WATER RESOURCE MODELING AND ASSESSMENT: A Watershed Perspective - Chapter 1 ppt

... 18 0 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment 15 .2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 15 .2 .1 BUILDING AN EVALUATION INDICATOR SYSTEMMany factors, including biophysical and anthropogenic factors, ... characteristics of spectral reec-tance of a water body and vegetation, the near-infrared band is the most useful in distinguishing the land -and- water boundary and ground vegetation (Zhen and ... quality evaluation and management-application to a tropical lake system. Eco-logical modeling 295– 311 .Guan, R. S., 20 01. Countermeasures on prevention and control of soil and water loss and...

... fea-tures and human activities in the watershed. Both natural and human features of the landscape are important for characterizing the natural potential for a water body, how human activities have affected ... the watershed using a random sampling design strati-ed by water body type (streams, lakes, and wetlands). Random sampling enables scaling assessments from a fraction of all water bodies to an ... activities produce contaminants and habi-tat alterations that affect both ecological and human health. Ecological and human health, as well as many other factors, are measurable attributes of ecosystem...

... is a data-intensive neural net model that predicts land use change at the level of 30-m pixels across the landscape. Neural-net “imagined” landscapes, coupled with a standard 20-year climate ... in a watershed context. Environmen-tal Management 10 :19 9– 214 .Hauer, F. R., and R. D. Smith. 19 98. The hydrogeomorphic approach to functional assess-ment of riparian wetland: Evaluating impacts ... progress and techniques being employed in a collaborative risk assessment for the Muskegon River watershed, a large and valu-able tributary of Lake Michigan.Both watershed- based modeling and river...

... LLC 16 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessmentbodies and built-up areas are close to roads and rails. Thus, the spatial adjacency of these two objects to water bodies, the province-level ... examining spectral characteris-tics, three groups of objects with spectral similarity were identied: (a) wetland and grassland/forest, (b) bare land and developing urban area, and (c) built-up ... grassland. However, wetlands are usually located adjacent to waters or muddy beaches, with their elevations lower than surrounding forests and grasslands. The normal water level of Poyang Lake...

... α (3 .1) 22 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessmentmarsh vegetation and invasive species in fragmented coastal wetlands. Schmidt and Skidmore (2003), for example, examined and tested ... residential and industrial land uses interspersed among expanses of landlls, marsh grass elds, tidal wetlands creeks, mudats, and rivers (Figure 3 .1) . There are approximately Band 32Band 17 Band ... of wetlands and open water within the Meadowlands, and 12 km2 of salt marsh vegetation including high marsh species Patens (Spartina patens) and Dis-tichlis (Distichlis spicata), and low marsh...

... and A is the total area of the Carex landscape.The fragmentation index of the Carex landscape in the Poyang Lake wetland area is 0.60 41 (0 represents landscape that has not been depleted, and ... Chinese]. Journal of Soil and Water Con-servation 18 (2) :19 6 17 0.© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC32 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment4.2.3 SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPING (SAM)One ... spectral library and the spectral angle map-ping approach, and (3) to assess the accuracy of the presented approach.© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC40 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling...

... 500PrecipitationHadley Climate ScenarioDry Year: 2043N 5. 1a Part II Wetland Hydrology and Water Budget© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC50 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment5.2.8.5 ... interan-nual WASSI variability. Even in heavily populated areas, residential and commer-cial water use represent small segments of total water demand, but cities do affect water quality. As ... water restrictions.Many factors impact the amount of water that is available and the amount of water that is required by a community. Precipitation is the major determinant of water availability...

... August, because of the ample soil water and high temperature. Between 050 10 0 15 0200 1/ 1/00 3 /1/ 00 5 /1/ 00 7 /1/ 00 9 /1/ 00 11 /1/ 00 3 /1/ 011 /1/ 01 5 /1/ 01 7 /1/ 01 9 /1/ 01 11/ 1/ 01 DateRainfall (mm)FIGURE ... 7 /1/ 00 9 /1/ 00 11 /1/ 00 1/ 1/ 01 3 /1/ 01 5 /1/ 01 7 /1/ 01 9 /1/ 01 11/ 1/ 01 DateEvapotranspiration (mm)GFbFmFc Water surface evaporationFIGURE 6.4 Simulated daily evapotranspirations in the forest and ... and grass catchments.06 12 18 1/ 1/00 3 /1/ 00 5 /1/ 00 7 /1/ 00 9 /1/ 00 11 /1/ 00 1/ 1/ 01 3 /1/ 01 5 /1/ 01 7 /1/ 01 9 /1/ 01 11/ 1/ 01 DatePercolation (mm)G FbFm FcFIGURE 6.5 Simulated daily percolations...