ECOTOXICOLOGY: A Comprehensive Treatment - Chapter 14 pot

... 2)/r. This model may be applicable for some situations such as the early growth dynamics of a population introduced into a new habitat or a Daphnia magna population maintained in a laboratory culture ... a metapopulation by affecting the rate at which vacant habitat is refilled from adjacent areas. Box 14. 2 Computer Projections of Metapopulation Risk in a Contaminated Habitat Spr...

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... this approach include Cahill et al. (2003), Czub and McLachlan (2004), Gobas and Mackay (1987), Hickie et al. (1999), Mackay (1979, 2001), Mackay and Wania (1995), and Wania and Mackay (1995). As ... transfer to human milk. At a subcontinental scale, Mackay and Wania modeled the movement of organochlorine contaminants in the Arctic. General (Wania and Mackay 1995) and chemical-specific (Wani...

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... results but easily explained in a metapopulation context. Also, the loss of a small amount of habitat to contamination can have dire consequences if the lost habitat was a source habitat sustaining the ... sustaining the metapopulation components in adjacent, clean habitats. Such keystone habitats are crucial for maintaining the population in adjacent areas and some species are particul...

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... stages: embryos →larvae →28-day larvae →1-year-old adults →2-year-old adults →3-year- old adults (Munns et al. 1997). Sex-dependent vital rates can be important too but our focus here will remain ... multiplied by the scalar. Let b be a scalar with value 12 and A bea2×2 matrix: 12 A = 12  a 11 a 12 a 21 a 22  =  1 2a 11 1 2a 12 1 2a 21 1 2a 22  . Multiplication of a mat...

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... Animal Systematics and Population Studies, Academic Press, Sydney, Australia, 1986. Robison, S.H., Cantoni, O., and Costa, M.,Analysis of metal-induced DNAlesions and DNA-repair replication in mammalian ... (NCRP 1993). 17.2.3 MUTATION RATES AND ACCUMULATION The natural rate at which mutations appear varies among genes and species. Rates for bacteriophage, bacteria, and vertebrate species ran...

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... information into basic parameters. Models allowed a clearer understanding of contaminant influence on the temporal dynamics of populations than afforded by conven- tional, individual-based methods alone. ... habitats can contain a number of individuals only if a source habitat is nearby and indi- viduals move among habitats. Keystone habitats and corridors for migration among segments of...

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... disturbance. Multivariate analyses provide a graphical representation of separation and overlap of communities based on linear combinations of a large number of variables (e.g., abundances of ... (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) at two stations in the Arkansas River, Colorado (USA). Reduction in Zn concentration at station EF5 was associated with an immediate increase in abundance of these...

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... Multimetric approaches are computationally simple, but are data-intensive and often require a comprehensive understanding of ecology and nat- ural history. These approaches have been especially effective ... contaminants in organisms and attempting to quantify contaminant transport among biotic and abiotic compartments. What is generally lacking from many ecotoxicological investigations h...

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... that radio- active materials moved between biotic and abiotic compartments and accumulated in food chains was a significant discovery that linked basic and applied ecological research. A readily ... striking aspect of this original work was Lindeman’s attempts to quantify seasonal dynamics of vegetation and animal production in a small lake (Cedar Bog Lake, Minnesota) and to characterize...

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... watershed, riparian- corridor, and reach-scale characteristics on aquatic biota in agricultural watersheds, J. Am. Water Res. Assoc., 37, 147 5 148 7, 2001. Suderman, K. and Thistle, D., A microcosm ... structural and functional meas- ures contaminant-specific, it may also vary with level of contamination and characteristics of the exposure system. In a comprehensive analysis of structu...

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