AQUATIC EFFECTS OF ACIDIC DEPOSITION - CHAPTER 3 potx

... quantify the effects of acidic deposition on a regional scale. A crit- ical limitation of much of the acidic deposition effects research conducted to date has been, however, the nature of the questions ... 1995). 3. 3 Effects of Acidification Acidification from acidic deposition has a number of important chemical and biological effects. The most noteworthy relate...

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... x[Al T n+ ] - 2[SO 4 2- ] - [NO 3 - ]-[ Cl - ]-[ F - ] 1416/frame/C02 Page 14 Wednesday, February 9, 2000 11 :39 AM © 2000 by CRC Press LLC Background and Approach 27 constituents. Analyses of historical ... bound of 10 to 15 µeq/L for background SO 4 2- in F ∆C B * ∆ SO 4 *NO 3 - +[]()⁄= 1416/frame/C02 Page 31 Wednesday, February 9, 2000 11 :39...

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... 9, 2000 11 :35 AM © 2000 by CRC Press LLC 3. 3 Effects of Acidification 60 3. 3.1 Aluminum 60 3. 3.2 Effects on Aquatic Biota 62 3. 3 .3 Effects on Amphibians 67 4 Extent and Magnitude of Surface ... Systems 36 3. 2 Causes of Acidification 38 3. 2.1 Sulfur 38 3. 2.2 Organic Acidity 38 3. 2 .3 Nitrogen 47 3. 2.4 Base Cation Depletion 50 3. 2.5 Land Use 53 3.2.6...

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... 6 .31 15 16 21 26 90 38 6 8 10 0.8 2.7 Cascades 14 6 14 73 5.95 6.25 11 18 20 31 60 97 3 6 1 .3 2.6 Idaho Batholith 88 937 6 .34 6.42 21 33 30 45 30 43 3 4 1.2 2.4 NW Wyoming b 38 648 6.56 6.56 38 ... Sods 1994 (n = 34 ) -1 8 (-5 3 -3 ) 4.7 (4 .3 5.1) 105 (91–115) 4 (2–6) 11 (9–11) 2.2 (1.7 3. 1) Otter Creek 1994 (n = 63) -2 8 (-8 2–11) 4.6 (4.1–6.0) 129 (111–1 5...

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... Critical Loads 133 the Mid-Atlantic Highlands. Simulations included changes in S deposition over 1985 values of -5 0, -3 0, -2 0, 0, +20, and +30 %. Each kg/ha per year change in S deposition caused ... gener- ated for all individual, well-defined regions or subregions of interest. 1416/frame/C05 Page 131 Wednesday, February 9, 2000 2:09 PM © 2000 by CRC Press LLC 136 Aquati...

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... Concentrations of NO 3 - in the Emerald Lake outlet increased from 2 to 3 µeq/L in the fall to 10 to 13 µeq/L during spring runoff. The increase in NO 3 - and SO 4 2- (approximately 50%) was attrib- uted ... importance of NO 3 - vs. SO 4 2- acidity increased. In the acidic (ANC ≤ 0) samples from the ERP, NO 3 - concentrations were often...

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... LLC 166 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition alization, and nitrification produce concentrations of NO 3 - in drainage water of Stage 3 watersheds that can be higher than deposition ... CRC Press LLC 164 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition saturation. At sites with high N deposition (20 to 54 kg N/ha per year) and significant leaching losses of...

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... 176 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition 1. Increasing deposition of S and/or N. 2. Excluding the previously existing deposition via construction of roofs over entire forested plots or mini-catchments. 3. ... relate to ecosystem responses to acidic deposition. Some of the most important contributions to the state of scientific under- standing of the aquatic e...

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... influence of an underpredic- tion of NO 3 - increase and an overprediction of NH 4 + increase. The annual dose of SO 4 2- (1800 eq ha per year) should increase the concen- tration of SO 4 2- in ... assessment of the effects of acidic deposition in two respects. First, these results were the first to show quantitative agreement between estimates of pH of na...

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... LLC 240 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition 10.1 .3 ELS-II During Phase II of the Eastern Lake Survey (ELS-II), a subset of ELS-I lakes was resampled during the spring and fall of 1986. ... proportion of the observed lake-water NO 3 - in the fall FIGURE 10 .3 Map of summer NO 3 - concentrations in drainage lakes sampled by the ALSC. High conce...

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