AQUATIC EFFECTS OF ACIDIC DEPOSITION - CHAPTER 2 potx

... x[Al T n+ ] - 2[ SO 4 2- ] - [NO 3 - ]-[ Cl - ]-[ F - ] 1416/frame/C 02 Page 14 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 11:39 AM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC Background and Approach 27 constituents. Analyses of historical ... of cal- cium is 2+ , and thus the multiplier is 2 in Eq. (2. 2). However, because of com- plexation with OH - , F - , and organ...

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... February 9, 20 00 1:59 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 58 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition 3 .2. 6 Climate Climate can have a large influence on acid sensitivity and the effects of ele- vated S or N deposition ... quantify the effects of acidic deposition on a regional scale. A crit- ical limitation of much of the acidic deposition effects research conducted...

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... 10 2. 2 Chemical Response Variables of Concern 11 2. 2.1 Sulfur 11 2. 2 .2 Nitrogen 12 2 .2. 3 Acid Neutralizing Capacity 13 2. 2.4 pH 15 2. 2.5 Base Cations 15 2. 2.6 Aluminum 17 2. 2.7 Biological Effects ... Available Data 23 7 10.1.1 ELS-I 23 9 10.1 .2 ALSC 23 9 10.1.3 ELS-II 24 0 10.1.4 DDRP 24 0 10.1.5 PIRLA 24 0 10.1.6 ALTM 24 0 10.1.7 ERP 24 1 10 .2 Watershed His...

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... 7 (6–7) —— Cohutta 19 92 1994 (n = 16) 41 (26 –56) 6.5 (6 .2 6.6) 35 (25 –53) 14 (9 21 0) 24 (21 28 ) 1.8 (1.4 2. 5) Sipsey 1991–1993 (n = 30) 24 5 ( 120 –699) 7.3 (6.8–7.6) 94 (83–106) 2 (1–3) 33 ( 32 34) 2. 2 (1.6 2. 7) SAMI ... 19,940) 1 72 (65–491) 7.1 (6.5–7.5) 135 ( 62 22 9) 16 (4–34) 36 (18–68) 1.0 (0.7–1.7) Acidic SAMI Streams a 1986 NSS (n = 730) -2 4 (-3 5– -2 4...

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... ∆C B ∆SO 4 2- ∆Al ∆SO 4 2- ∆ANC ∆SO 4 2- 1416/frame/C05 Page 118 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 09 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 126 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition to forest growth, ... Suggs) 2 0 .27 Sullivan and Eilers, 1994 Seepage lakes a The set of 25 acidic lakes was part of the regional data set of 48 lakes presumed to be acid-sens...

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... February 9, 20 00 2: 13 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 146 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition the volume and chemistry of the precipitation event, especially the contribu- tion of ions from ... February 9, 20 00 2: 13 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 150 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition the ANC loss was attributed to dilution of base cations by meltwater....

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... N. The combined inputs of N from deposition, miner- 1416/frame/C07 Page 165 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 15 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 156 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition natural ... February 9, 20 00 2: 15 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 166 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition alization, and nitrification produce concentrations of NO 3 -...

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... follows: SO 4 2- (nonmarine) 45% NO 3 - 60% Al i 29 % Ca 2+ 20 % Mg 2+ 28 % 1416/frame/C08 Page 188 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 18 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 180 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition ment ... CRC Press LLC 1 92 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition 8 .2. 5 Risdalsheia, Norway The Risdalsheia site in southernmost Norway receives...

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... DOC x( 313µMC)= 1416/frame/ch09 Page 20 9 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 21 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 22 2 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition changes in SO 4 2- , base cation concentrations, and ... observed 1416/frame/ch09 Page 22 1 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 21 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 22 4 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition No long-term hi...

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... disturbance. 1416/frame/ch10 Page 25 7 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 23 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 24 6 Aquatic Effects of Acidic Deposition PIRLA-I studied 12 dilute, low-alkalinity Adirondack Lakes ... Re- printed with kind permission from Kluwer Academic Publishers.) 1416/frame/ch10 Page 24 3 Wednesday, February 9, 20 00 2: 23 PM © 20 00 by CRC Press LLC 24 4...

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