... confidentiality, and schemata evolution. Database design is usually divided into three stages: conceptual design, logical design, and physical design. •The objective of conceptual design is to obtain ... and relational models served to compare both classes of models and to obtain abetter understanding of their strengths and weaknesses.During the late 1970s and in the 1980s, research work (and, ... withcomputer-aided database design that claim to be an effective way to improve database design. Chapter 14 concentrates on considering quality issues in database design and implementation.As for...