a course in mathematics for students of physics

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English for students of Physics_Unit 7

... mi/sec) and 31was the speed of electromagnetic waves, including light waves. This feature of Maxwell's theory caused a crisis in physics because it indicated that speed was not always relative. ... travel faster than the fundamental speed c. In Newton's gravitation theory, however, information about gravitation moved at infinite speed. If a star exploded into two parts, for example, ... in space with a gravitational force so strong that not even light can escape them) or in explaining the big bang (the origin of the universe) is Newton's theory inaccurate or inapplicable....

English for students of Physics_Unit 8

... that are present on earth in such a small concentrations that they were previously unknown. For example, in analyzing the spectrum of minerals found in the water of a certain spring in Germany, ... area. d. a long and pointed stream of burning gas e. to recognize f. to discover g. a small amount of a substance scientifically examined and analyzed h. a particular way for something to ... show that most of the mass and all of the positive charge of an atom are concentrated in a small region of the atom which is later called its nucleus. 2. For many years before Rutherford developed...

English for students of Physics_Unit 9

... three are equal. If something else balances the piece of brass, it also balances the wood and the gold and therefore has the same mass. The equal- arm balance gives us a way of comparing masses ... shoelace, or scratch an itch. Close your eyes and imagine waking up and going into your kitchen for breakfast. Now fantasize that as you walk in, all frictional forces ease to exist! You’d really ... stretching of the spring. For measuring weights, one uses not only stretching but also contracting springs. Using springs of various thickness, one can make scales for measuring very large and also...

English for students of Physics_Unit 10

... not. In an inductive paragraph, the controlling idea of the paragraph lies right at the very beginning of the paragraph in the introductory part of the paragraph. It is contrary to the way we ... special theory of relativity, that mass and energy are equivalent. Consequently, the separate laws of conservation of mass and of energy found a more general and exact formulation as the law of ... because of absorption and scattering of radiant energy as photons interact with the atmosphere. The strength of the solar energy available at any point on the earth depends, in a complicated...

English for students of Physics_Unit 11

... 1: Paragraph 2: TRANSLATION Task one: English-Vietnamese translation 1. Quantum holography, in which a pair of laser pulses reveals detailed information about an atom's state, has been ... models, in everyday life and in science, as a method of simplifying and making sense of everything we observe. A model is a way of explaining something difficult in terms of something more familiar. ... equations in quantum theory. Classical physics accurately describes the behavior of matter and energy in the everyday universe. For example, classical physics explains the motion of a car accelerating...

English for students of Physics_Unit 12

... prepositions that are followed by a gerund after against as a result as well as because of besides by by means of despite for in in addition to in favor of in spite of instead of on account ... useful in understanding any physical process. The following are the adjectives with their prepositions that can take a gerund afraid of amazed at angry about/ at annoyed about/at anxious abut ... anger about/at annoyance about/at anxiety about apology for awareness of belief in boredom with danger of /in difficulty (in) effect of excitement about/at expense of /in fear of...

English for students of Physics_Unit 13

... (Adapted from Physics, an Introduction by Jay Bolemon, 1989) Before you write the summary for each passage, find the main and sub-main ideas of each paragraph by underlining them. For example, ... example, a double line (===) for a main idea and a single line (______) for a sub-main idea. Then, from those underlined, you develop into a paragraph. This paragraph will be the required one. Make ... that your paragraphs are well organized (refer to UNIT TEN for the form of a paragraph); making good use of the linkers, pronouns and any types of subordinate clauses. Now write your paragraphs...

English for students of Physics_Unit 14

... of the voltage across the capacitor. Therefore, twice as much current will flow through a capacitor that has a capacity or size of 2 farads as in a capacitor of 1 farad capacity. In an ideal ... recall that volume is not a reliable measure of the quantity of matter, particularly in the case of a gas, since a gas expands and contracts appreciably as the pressure and the temperature change. ... other meanings about according to against as/as for for by instead of because of with respect to on on behalf of up to with of Example: We can choose any convenient volume of hydrogen in a test...

English for students of Physics_Unit 15

... revealing a violation of a certain symmetry in the decay of neutral kaons (a type of meson, which in turn is a subatomic particle that is made up of quarks and antiquarks). As a result of this tiny ... nothing but radiation, or the matter and antimatter may have in some way separated. If so, where is the antimatter? From careful searches for the radiation that results from matter-antimatter annihilations, ... as CANDU has operated satisfactorily in Canada, and similar plants have been built in India, Argentina, and elsewhere. In the United Kingdom and France the first full-scale power reactors were...

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