... Such a design tool would be useful both for initial database design and when a major reconfiguration of the database occurs. A design tool might be used when -the cost of a prospective database ... are affected by the statement. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, March 1988. Physical Database Design for Relational Databases l 103 The notion of atomic cost is also ... nonclustered gives us the cost U:(p) of ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 13, No. 1, March 1988. Physical Database Design for Relational Databases - 105 the unordered scan.3 Similar considerations...