... standard CRF training. 1 Introduction Conditional random fields (CRFs) are a recentlyintroduced formalism (Lafferty et al., 2001) forrepresenting a conditional model p(y|x), whereboth a set of inputs, ... 1992).The framework of MCE criterion training supportsthe theoretical background of our method. The ap-proach proposed here subsumes the conventionalML/MAP criteria training of CRFs, as describedin ... mis-classification. By using d(), the minimization of the error rate can be rewritten as the minimization of the sum of 0-1 (step) losses of the given training data. That is, arg minλLλwhereLλ=kδ(d(y∗k,...