Integrating SDH and ATM in UMTS (3G) Access Networks

... Contents Introduction 7 Role of ATM in 3G Access Networks 8 Introduction of ATM Switching into the Access Network 8 STM-1 Interfaces in the RNC 8 Savings in Bandwidth 8 Lower Bandwidth Consumption ... E1s from the same Node B to the same destination, even if they are connected to different PDH interfaces. Integrating SDH and ATM in UMTS (3G) Access...

Ngày tải lên: 19/04/2014, 19:07

... reducing the cost per packet. Networks that have been up and running can be upgraded by replacing some cards and modules in base stations, which are referred to as node Bs in UTRAN, and in the ... antennas, and multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) systems. By introducing independent radio signal paths and space and time coding, transmit diversity antennas lead t...

Ngày tải lên: 18/04/2014, 10:43

... and UMTS; however, some vendors may not support both the GSM Gb interface and the UMTS Iu interface on a single piece of equipment, resulting typically in some hardware changes or additions in ... functions. • Gr: this interface is between the SGSN and the HLR, providing the SGSN with access to subscriber information. The SGSN and HLR will be in different networks in th...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 04:17

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:21

... 4.2.2.Short story and its advantages in language classroom…………….………… 10 II.2. Reading comprehension …………………………………………………….………… 11 II.2.1. Reading comprehension and its roles in language learning………….……………11 II.2.2. ... teaching ……………………………………….…………… 6 II.1.4.1. Why use literature in language classroom. ………………………….…………… 6 II.1.4.2 Literature in the ESL classroom……………………….……………….…………...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:21

... language teaching, it aims at: • Studying the values of literature in language teaching. • Integrating short stories and poems in teaching reading comprehension. • Introducing techniques to integrate ... one investigates the attitude of students toward the literary texts in general and the other aims at finding out the effects of using short stories and poems in teaching an...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:21

... N o 2 Questionnaires on the effects of short story and poem in teaching reading comprehension. 1. Which of the followings do you find most difficult when reading short stories and poems: a. unclear theme b. vocabulary ... Answering comprehension questions. □ It is boring and useless. □ It takes time and of little use. □ It makes us look back at the story or the poem to find the i...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:21

... 1 1 Integrating short stories and Integrating short stories and poems in developing the poems in developing the reading skills for 2 reading skills for 2 nd nd year year students in Haiphong ... the study  Pointing out the values of literature included short stories and poem in language teaching and finding the way to integrate short stories and poems into the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:21

... for securing U.S. interests is requiring new forms of interaction among a variety of instruments for projecting power and promoting influence. These interactions among U.S. military and civilian ... collection itself have been reviewed and approved by RAND Science and Technology. Integrating Instruments of Power and Influence in National Security Starting the Dialogue Robert E...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 01:20

... priorities and strategies for exercising their right to development. In particular, indigenous peoples have the right to be actively involved in developing and determining health, housing and other ... traditional medicines and to maintain their health practices, including the conservation of their vital medicinal plants, animals and minerals. Indigenous individuals also have...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 17:20