... engineer.
The
engineer
has to
program
in
high-level
languages
to
solve problems.
He or she
also should
be
able
to
read assembly-language
programs
to
understand what
a
high-level ... concepts
of
programming
of a
microcontroller
in
high-level language
and
assembly language.
It
also covers
the
principles
of
good
programming
practice
through top-down
design...
... high-level language
statements
that
do not do
what
he or she
intended. High-level languages
are
designed
for
algorithms,
not for I/O
interfacing,
and
optimizing high-level language ... Frequency -to- Voltage Conversion
342
Figure
7.18. Voltage -to- Frequency Conversion
342
Figure 7.19. Phase-locked Loop
344
Figure 7.20. Data Acquisition System
345
Figure 7.21. Serial Interfac...
... multiplied
by a
coefficient
to
bring
it
generally into line
with
previous calculations
of
tonnage.
Each
is
determined
by a
formula.
Gross
tonnage
(G7 )
=
47
V
=
total
volume
of all
... of
surviving
or,
at
least,
of
remaining afloat long
enough
for
passengers
to be
taken
off
safely.
This brings
with
it the
need
for a
whole range
of
life
saving
4
IN...
... that it is edge triggered
produces a variation called a flip-flop.
A basic approach for changing a latch into a flip-flop is to construct a pulse
generator circuit which remains at a high-level for ... Basics of Digital Logic
S
RQ
Q
en
D
Q
Q
en
J
KQ
Q
en
(a) SR-latch. (b) D-type latch. (c) JK-latch.
Figure 2.27 Symbolic representations of different latches.
which uses the state to toggle th...
... Being able to guide light along a length of optic fiber has given rise to two
distinct areas of use, light guiding and communications.
Light guiding
There are many applications of light guiding ... Optics
4
Figure 1.5
An endoscope
Figure 1.6
A coherent bundle
(top) gives a good
image. If it’s not
coherent (bottom)
the image is
scrambled
ch01 3/5/01 11:48 Page 4
Imagine a dark winter’s nig...
... time to the very early universe and towards the
big bang at tϭ0, densities become higher and higher and the curvature of
space-time becomes correspondingly higher, and at some stage general rel-
ativity ... trace the history of the universe backwards to higher den-
sities, at some stage galaxies could not have had a separate existence, but
must have been merged together to form one grea...