Handbook of machining and metalworking calculations

... basic and complex machining and metalworking operations would be difficult or impossible without the use of these branches of mathematics. In this chapter and other subsec- tions of the handbook, all ... for Terms of Use. This page intentionally left blank. HANDBOOK OF MACHINING AND METALWORKING CALCULATIONS This page intentionally left blank. CHAPTER 1 MATHEMAT...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 11:17

... efficiency is a measure of the degree of performance of a control device; it specifically refers to the degree of removal of a pollutant and may be calculated through the application of the conservation ... at a rate of 10,000 lb/h in the presence of 20,000 lb/h of air. Due to the energy requirements of the unit, 1250 lb/h of a vapor conditioning agent is added to assi...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:45

... between predictions of fractal model and experiments of Yamada et al. (1978). FIGURE 4.34 Comparison among predictions of the fractal model, the GW model, and experiments of Bhushan and Dugger (1990) ... roughness of regime 2 and one can again use the relation of Equation 4.3.25 for a single fractal behavior. Note that in such a case, σ is only related to G 1 and D 2 of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... dense films of long-chain molecules. Bhushan et al. (1995b,c) conducted micro- and macroscale friction and wear studies on single-grafted and double-grafted octodecyl (C 18 ) and LB films and their ... single-grafted, LB, and Au films and is comparable with that of SiO 2 film. The C 18 double-grafted films can withstand much higher normal force of 40 µN as compared...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... Ruan and Bhushan (1994a–c), Koinkar and Bhushan (1996a,b, 1997a,b), and Sundararajan and Bhushan (1998). Koinkar and Bhushan (1996a,b) and Poon and Bhushan (1995a,b) reported that rms roughness and friction ... Majumdar and Bhushan (1991) and Bhushan and Majumdar (1992) have reported relationships for cumulative size distribution of the contact spots, portions of th...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 09:15

... at a normal load of 70 µN with a depth of indentation about 3 nm and hardness values of 15.8 and 19.5 GPa, respectively (Bhushan and Koinkar, 1994). Hardness values of virgin and C + -implanted ... diaphragms and X-ray masks. For a summary of SiC devices and applications, see Harris (1995). Table 16.1 compares selected bulk properties of SiC and Si(100). Because...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 12:15

... chemical and mechanical properties of the surface and near-surface region of the tip and sample determine the adhesive behavior. A compliant tip–sample system of large curvature radius and large ... understanding of friction, lubrication, and wear? The interpretation of surface forces and adhesion measurements is challenging. Even if you under- stand your instrumental ar...

Ngày tải lên: 09/11/2013, 03:15

... diameters (Snook and van Megan, 1979, 1980, 1981; van Megan and Snook, 1979, 1981; Kjellander and Marcelja, 1985a,b; Tarazona and Vincente, 1985; Hend- erson and Lozada-Cassou, 1986; Evans and Parry, ... Berlin. McClelland, G. M. and Cohen, S. R. (1990), Chemistry and Physics of Solid Surfaces VIII, pp. 419–445, Springer, Berlin. McGuiggan, P. and Israelachvili, J. N. (199...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 11:15

... this wire was bent and electrochemically etched to serve as a probing tip. With a typical length of 12 mm and diameters of 0.25 and 0.5 mm, they obtained force constants of 150 and 2500 N/m, respectively, ... image and the lateral force in the case of purely conservative forces. For a detailed understanding of the lateral force and its relation to the normal force and...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 23:18

... depends on the elastic and plastic properties of the material. 10.3.7 Determination of Hardness and Modulus of Elasticity of Thin Films from the Composite Response of Film and Substrate As mentioned ... properties of surface layers of bulk materials and of ultrathin coatings. The nanoindentation apparatus continously monitors the load and the position of the inden...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 23:18