... d-raffinose, d-stachyose, glycine, l-alanine,l-proline, l-lysine, l-serine, b-alanine, taurine, sarcosine,dimethylglycine, glycine betaine, trimethylamine N-oxide,and cytidine 2¢-3¢ cyclic monophosphate ... effect of stabilizing osmolytes in modulating the catalytic efficiency of RNase-A in the presence of each class of osmolyte may best beexplained by the combination of both thermodynamicmodels. ... is not the only ultimate step to increase the activity of an enzyme in the presence of osmolytes. In general, two thermodynamic models are used toexplain the effect of osmolytes on protein stability...