Báo cáo khoa học: "A PROLEGOMENON TO SITUATION SEMANTICS" ppt

... narrow their sights to this one use, the notion that language is something to be put to various uses by humans to further certain of their purposes is not foreign to Situation Semantics. ... constrains the described situation to be a certain way, to be llke one of the situations in the interpretation. Or, one might say, it constrains the described situation to be...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

... words are translated one -to- one. This assumption reduces the explanatory power of our model in comparison to the IBM models, but, as shown in Section 3.1, it helps us to avoid what we call ... the one -to- one assumption: Each word translates to at most one other word. Certainly, there are cases where this assumption is false. We prefer not to model those cases, in order to...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 03:20

... reconstruction to a recognition task. Implications towards automating certain aspects of language learning are also discussed, t 1. An Opening Argument A dream of many computational linguists is to ... viewed as an obstacle, to be tolerated at best and ignored at worst. For instance, Wilks [9] gives a few rules on how to relax semantic constraints in order for a parser to p...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:20

... tar- get of the toxin from the membrane-associated hepa- rin-binding epidermal-growth-factor-like growth factor [4] to the IL-2 receptor, redirecting its potent cytotoxi- city toward a therapeutic ... PE intoxication pathway A basic outline of the PE intoxication pathway is well understood. The secreted toxin binds to an LRP1 or LRP1B cell surface receptor, is internalized by recep- tor-m...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:21

... on these changes to the user. McCoy [9] and McKeown [10] attempt to provide answers to questions about the structure of the database rather than extensional information as to its contents. ... (applicable-operator-l-1 [denomination-l-l]) [(applicable-operator-l-2 [denomination-l-2])] o) If all the values of the attribute in T~ satisfy "applicable-operator-l-l" with...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 17:20

... chunk -to- string model into two models: a loose model (Section 2.1) which is more similar to the hierarchical phrase-based model and a tight model (Section 2.2) which is more similar to the tree -to- string model. The ... hierarchical chunk -to- string model into two models: a loose model which is more similar to the hierarchical phrase-based model and a tight model which is more simil...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... be constrained to operate only on the bottom two items on the stack) (ii) the topmost one potentially contains everything needed to complete 'the bottom one (iii) the topmost one is ... 4 do not have the intonation contours that would be predicted for them on the basis of the constituent s~rucrures assigned to them by a grammar. For example, in 3, the intonation of the sequ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 09:20

... modifiers to the left of the head with probability Hi=X n+l 79L(Li(li) [ P, h, H), where Ln+l(ln+l) = STOP. The STOP symbol is added to the vocabulary of non- terminals, and the model stops ... lead to parsing errors in relative clause cases. Figure 4(c) shows the solution to the problem: the label of the relative clause is changed to SBAR, and an addi- tional vP level i...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... rnode to pnode 22: Ancestors[pnode] = Ancestors[pnode] ∪ (Ancestors[lnode] ∩ Ancestors[rnode]) 23: Label[pnode] = min{Label[pnode], CONCATENATE(Label[lnode], Label[rnode])} translation to evaluate ... Section 4, we ex- plain how to do synchronous rule factorization in a forest -to- st ring decoder. Experimental results are in Section 5. 2 Forest -to- string Translation Forest -to- strin...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... top-down prediction step moves from thegoal AgrSP to AgrS to AgrOP to AgrO to VP to V and finally to the lexical head- corner V where the bottom-up process starts as the Minimalist Program ... which are the only positions to move to, are always to the left of the projection line. These two assumptions in combination with the fact that GT and Move-a are bottom-up oper...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20