Báo cáo khoa học: "On Parsing Strategies and Closure" pdf

... Given two noun phrases NP 1. NP 2 in a sentence, if NP 1 precedes and commands NP 2 and NP 2 is not a pronoun, then NP1 and NP 2 are noncoreferentiaL It appears t o be impossible to apply ... On Parsing Strategies and Closure' Kenneth Church MIT Cambridge. MA 02139 This paper proposes a welcome ... finite memory. The rule becomes harder and harder to enforce as more and more names are mentioned. As the memory requirements grow, the performance model is less and less likely to establish the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "On the Evaluation and Comparison of Taggers: the Effect of Noise in Testing Corpora." doc

... K=(1-C)t+C(1-u)p (2) The relationship between the real and the ob- served performance is derived from 1 and 2: x=K-C(1-u)p+Cu Since only K and C are known (or approxi- mately estimated) we can ... bounds for t, u and p, and see in which range is x. Since all variables are probabilities, they are bounded in [0, 1]. We also can assume 2 that K > C. We can use this constraints and the above ... infor- mative upper bound for p is still 1. Finally, t will be maximum when u - 1 and p = 0, and minimum when u=O and p=l. Summarizing: 0 <u<min{1,~ -~} (3) { K+C-ll ma= 0, ~ j <p_<l...

Báo cáo khoa học: "On Jointly Recognizing and Aligning Bilingual Named Entities" doc

... given candidate-pair and , where and are the associated indexes of the re-generated Chi-nese and English NE candidates, respectively. Furthermore, let be the NE type to be re-assigned and ... the left and right boundary of its anchor , respectively. As in the above example, assume that CN and are “北韩中央” and “韩中央通信社” respectively, Le and will be “-1” and “+3”. Also, stands for ... T and English NEs ( and 1ieCTypjEtyiCNEpeEN are original NE types assigned to and , respectively), we will first re-generate two NE candidate-sets from them by enlarging and...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Probabilistic Parsing Strategies" doc

... betweencontext-free parsing strategies and their probabilis-tic counter-parts. We provide a necessary condition and a sufﬁcient condition for the probabilistic exten-sion of parsing strategies. These ... ex-amples of parsing strategies are the standard con-structions of top-down PDAs (Harrison, 1978), left-corner PDAs (Rosenkrantz and Lewis II, 1970),shift-reduce PDAs (Aho and Ullman, 1972) and LRPDAs ... Con-ference, pages 542–549, Maryland, USA, June.A.V. Aho and J.D. Ullman. 1972. Parsing, vol-ume 1 of The Theory of Parsing, Translation and Compiling. Prentice-Hall.S. Billot and B. Lang. 1989. The...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "PANEL NATURAL LANGUAGE AND DATABASES" pdf

... insufficiently demanding in its linguistic aspects and too idiosyncratically demanding in its non-linguistic ones; and to propose better task environments for language understanding research, ... or databases, and as the solutions tend to be ad hoe and specialised, the issues are essentially diversions from research on more pervasive language phenomena and functions, and hence on generally ... task: its limited linguistic functions and world references have allowed concentration on, and hence progress in dealing with, obvious problems of language and knowledge processing. But I believe...

Báo cáo khoa học: "JAPANESE PROSODIC PHRASING AND INTONATION" pdf

... In both English and Japanese, there are two tone types H and L and the type of each tone in an utterance, and its temporal location and f0 value reflect the prosodic phrasing and intonational ... speaker and rate, he can leave the vMue unspecified. 6 The locations and types of the various phrase boundaries and the location of the accent, on the other hand, are specific to an utterance, and ... location of each stretch and its duration and f0 value. 3.1.1 Timing The location and duration of each tone is determined by the time pattern of the speech segments, and by our theory of the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "MACHINE TRANSLATION, LINGUISTICS, AND INTERLINGUA " pdf

... coordination and apposition, and also topic and focus, which often is almost altogether neglected I) and the mor- phological categories (tense, aspect, num- ber, definiteness, and so on); ... tual knowledge and other mental capacities with their knowledge and use of language, and in being able to develop their language while using itS, the correspondence between theory and its MT ... MACHINE TRANSLATION, LINGUISTICS, AND INTERLINGUA Petr Sgall and Jarmila Panevov~ Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Malostransk4 n.25, 118 O0...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Dependency Parsing and Projection Based on Word-Pair Classiﬁcation" ppt

... noise, and some hand-designed rules to handle languageheterogeneity. Smith and Eisner (2009) performdependency projection and annotation adaptationwith quasi-synchronous grammar features. Jiang and ... bilingual cor-pora, and use some thresholds to ﬁlter out noise and some hand-written rules to handle heterogene-ity. Smith and Eisner (2009) perform depen-dency projection and annotation adaptation ... Dependency Parsing Both the graph-based (McDonald et al., 2005a;McDonald and Pereira, 2006; Carreras et al.,2006) and the transition-based (Yamada and Mat-sumoto, 2003; Nivre et al., 2006) parsing...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Analysis of proteins and peptides on a chromatographic timescale by electron-transfer dissociation MS ppt

... (CAD); and (d) a search of theresulting tandem mass spectra against a database ofspectra predicted for tryptic peptides of all known pro-teins. Thousands of proteins in cultured cells, tissues and ... 2007)doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06148.xPeptide and protein sequence analysis using a combination of gas-phaseion–ion chemistry and tandem MS is described. Samples are converted tomultiply charged ions by ESI and then allowed ... modiﬁcation is found on proteins in both thenucleus and cytoplasm, is added and removed bytransferase and O-GlcNAcase enzymes, respectively, and often occurs at sites that are known to be phos-phorylated...

Báo cáo khoa học: Protein–protein interactions and selection: generation of molecule-binding proteins on the basis of tertiary structural information potx

... BC, DE and FG loopsY/A/S/D libraryin all the CDR loops[ref 38]Y/S libraryin all the CDRs of heavy chain and CDR3 of light chain[ref 39]10FN3Randomization in CDR loopsof heavy and light ... CDR loopsof heavy and light chainsRandomizationin BC, DE and FG loopsFvFig. 4. Local artiﬁcial library design in (A) CDR loops of Fv and (B)BC, DE and FG loops of10FN3 to select high-afﬁnity ... (XGGGS)nin which the X residues were randomized and the linker length (n) was intermittently varied. (B) DARPin: six amino acids in theloop and helix structures are randomized. (C) A-domains: variable...

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