... just a single state of affairs, S, which is the cause of a given beliefB. For, in virtue of the transitivity of causation, if a state of affairs, S1, causes another state of affairs, S2, and ... monkey to make the call: and yet we want to say thatwhat the call represents is only one of these causes – the presence of an eagle. A teleological theory of representationcan explain why we are ... type.Then we could say that a belief B misrepresents the world asincluding a state of affairs S of a certain type just in case a state of affairs of S’s type is normally the cause of a belief of B’s...