... 100 100Minus pantoate 2Minus ATP 46 50Minus ATP, minus pantoate 3Minus ATP, minus Pi45Minus ATP, minus ADP 3Eqn (1)Complete system 20Minus pantoate 1Minus ATP NDMinus ATP, minus pantoate ... beassumed to lie on the side of pantothenate formation. In other words, regardless of the type of synthetasereaction, coupling of pantothenate synthesis from pan-toate and b-alanine to the hydrolysis ... has distinctkinetic properties. This supports the view that the intermediates of pantothenate biosynthesis are univer-sally conserved, whereas the corresponding enzymeswere recruited independently...