Báo cáo khoa học: "The Back-translation Score: Automatic MT Evaluation at the Sentence Level without Reference Translations" pptx

... translation (MT) evaluation such as BLEU are well established, but have the drawbacks that they do not per- form well at the sentence level and that they presuppose manually translated reference ... of the ACL-IJCNLP 2009 Conference Short Papers, pages 133–136, Suntec, Singapore, 4 August 2009. c 2009 ACL and AFNLP The Back-translation Score: Automatic MT Evaluat...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

... estimated to have a dissociation constant in the millimolar range or higher despite the fact that the K m is c. 20 l M [37,38]. Another difference in the assays is the concentration of the substrate, ... affecting the ability of E1 to catalyse the reductive acetylation of the tethered lipoyl domain in the assembled PDH complex. It should be noted that Tyr281 and Arg282 are...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... that this residue could affect the FAD environment, modulating the catalytic rate of the enzyme. Finaly, L315 affects the enzyme k cat , although it is not located in the near vicinity of the ... are situated at similar distances from the hydroxyl of the docked substrate, they could cooperate in facilitating the hydride transfer from sub- strate to FAD. The decrease of a...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... or the bond length between the heme iron and the proximal ligand may contrib- ute to the formation of the 5-coordinated NO–heme complex. We therefore speculate that the bond strength between the ... incorporation [20]. In contrast, coordination structures of the L99T, L99F, and L115T mutants were similar to that of the wild-type enzyme. We further found that the rates of a...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... disrupt + + + + + + + + Sepharose matrix Sepharose matrix Sepharose matrix A D BC Sepharose matrix Fig. 10. Schematic representation of the ELOA formation at the solid–liquid interface within column chromatography. (A) The Sepharose ... display the minimum at 230 nm typical of the native state equine lysozyme spectrum at 25 °C, but exhibit the same shape as the spectrum fo...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 01:20

... BLEU tuning preferences and 22.0% ties). 1 Introduction Automatic evaluation metrics for machine translation (MT) quality are a key part of building statistical MT (SMT) systems. They play two ... permutations of the original source-language word sequence: the permutation represented by the sequence of corresponding words in the MT output, and the permutation in the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... stan- dard automatic evaluation metrics. 2 MT Evaluation Recent automatic evaluation metrics typically frame the evaluation problem as a comparison task: how similar is the machine-produced output ... reliability of au- tomatic evaluation metrics. In this paper, we show that they are also informative in developing better metrics. 3 MT Evaluation with Machine Learning A...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... com- bine the grammatical relations and the grammati- cal categories of the words in the sentence and dis- play the information they contain. Figure 2 and 3 show, respectively, several annotation levels ... source, reference and two translation hypotheses Figure 3: Constituency trees for the reference and second translation candidate a significant visualization of the infor...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 20:20

... between reference and candidate sentence, the higher we want the measure to evaluate the distance between these sentences. State-of -the- art evaluation measures for MT penalize movement of blocks rather ... the evaluation criterion. But as human evaluation is tedious and cost-intensive, automatic evaluation measures are used in most MT research tasks. A high correlat...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... It must be noted at the outset that in this author’s opinion the aim of the automatic- parsing component of a machine-translation program is the adequate recognition of the boundaries and functions ... tic units. On the basis of this recognition, automatic translation on a sentence- by -sentence rather than a word-by-word basis can be effected. 2. The argument in...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20