Báo cáo khoa học: Acute activation of Erk1/Erk2 and protein kinase B/akt proceed by independent pathways in multiple cell types ppt

... FEBS Acute activation of Erk1/Erk2 and protein kinase B/akt proceed by independent pathways in multiple cell types Doris Chiu, Kewei Ma, Alexander Scott and Vincent Duronio Department of Medicine, ... PtdIns3K, phosphatidylinositol 3 -kinase; PKB, protein kinase B ⁄ akt; PKC, protein kinase C. 4372 FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 4372–4384 ª 2005 FEBS lead...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... [6,7] and an in vitro model for the studies on intestinal and other cell types [34–37]. On the other hand, CT is internalized into cells by both clathrin-dependent and -independent endocytosis and these ... diarrhea of infected humans [1]. CT interacts with intestinal epithelial cells and induces chloride secretion due to toxin-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... patients contain increased concentrations of sev- eral chemokines, such as interleukin (IL)-8) ⁄ CXCL8, interferon-c (IFN-c)-inducible protein- 10 ⁄ CXCL10, monokine induced by interferon-c ⁄ ... poly- articular joint disease that primarily affects the small joints of the hands and feet [1]. It is characterized by in ltration of in ammatory cells such as monocytes and T-lymph...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... the tandem GAF domain of PDE10, and by cGMP when linked to the tandem GAF domain of PDE2, )5or)11. The bio- chemical properties of signalling by human tandem GAF domains to cyaB1 AC were by and ... isoforms differ in terms of the length of their N-terminal domains. Only PDE11A4 contains a com- plete N-terminal tandem GAF ensemble and an addi- tional 196 amino acid N-te...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... presence of eIF4E binding sequences on the eIF4G fragment and the presence of eIF4E in the binding assay are required for more efficient Lb pro binding. As a control, we examined the binding of radiola- belled ... lysine both severely delayed eIF4GI cleavage and led to a concomitant decrease in binding of both eIF4GI and eIF4GII. Interestingly, the introduction of a second...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... number of participating protein co mplexes, cross interactions between pathways and the functioning of regulatory circuits. It is this complexity that makes th e understanding of cellular signalling ... (1999) The repertoire of fos and jun proteins expressed during the G1 phase o f t he cell cycle is determined by the duration of mitogen-activated protein k inase acti...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... blocked inactivation of the AMPK by insulin (Fig. 7), suggesting a dominance of the fatty acid-driven pathway for activation of AMPK over at least some aspects of insulin signalling. This dominance of ... AMPK kinase. Dephosphorylation of Thr172 (in vivo by phospho- protein phosphatase 2C [5]) leads to inactivation of AMPK. Direct allosteric activation of AMPK also...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play an essential role in transducing extra- cellular signals to cytoplasmic and nuclear effectors, and regulate a wide variety of cellular functions, including ... to be regulated by two MAPK pathways, the ERK1 ⁄ 2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways, through AP-1 signaling [26]. AP-1 family proteins are good candidates f...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... for much of the structure of cells and many aspects of their motility. Actin microfilaments in cells are regulated by a host of actin- binding proteins [1] that act together to model them into a large ... faithfully reflected actin binding. The binding of gelsolin to coated G-actin at pH 7.5 was abolished in the presence of excess EGTA (Fig. 1). This finding illustrates the s...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... involved in the binding of D-glucose in the super-open state (PDB identity: 1v4t). The structural images were generated using PYMOL, version 0.99. Activation of glucokinase by D-glucose binding ... and plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion, and has been termed the glucose sensor of the b -cell [2]. GK is also Keywords catalytic activation; D-gluc...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20