... where is the nominal short-run (90-day paper) interest rate, the neutral nominal interest rate, stands for the rate of inflation, is the inflation target of the central ... gap, and thus NRIR, and investigating whether their effect is temporary or permanent (see Tovar and others, 2012 for a discussion of the duration of the effects of MaPPs). Box 2 suggests that the ... understating the mechanics of MaPPs, including quantifying their impact on credit, the output gap, and thus NRIR, and investigating whether their effect is temporary or permanent. The NRIR is one of the...