... many digits does 100! have? We know by Stirling’s Formula that
100! ≈ (100/e)
100
·
√
200π.
19
Discrete Mathematics
Lecture Notes, Yale University, Spring 1999
L. Lov´asz and K. Vesztergombi
Parts ... Induction
3.1 The sum of odd numbers
It is time to learn one of the most important tools in discrete mathematics. We start with
a question: We add up the first n odd numbers. What do we ge...
... relation on A whose equivalence classes are exactly the sets A
i
, i ∈ I.
Lecture Notes on Discrete Mathematics
A. K. Lal
September 26, 2012
20 CHAPTER 1. PRELIMINARIES
Proof. Since ∼ is reflexive, ... anti-symmetric.
4. transitive.
We are now ready to define a relation that appears quite frequently in mathematics. Before
doing so, let us either use the s y mbol ∼ or
R
∼ for relation. That...
... 10–4 W W L Chen : Discrete Mathematics
PROPOSITION 10D. The distance function δ : Z
n
2
×Z
n
2
→ N∪{0} satisfies the following ... below:
a) 101011010101101010110 b) 110010111001111110101 c) 011110101111110111101
2–2 W W L Chen : Discrete Mathematics
Example 2.1.2. Let A be the power set of the set {1, 2}; in other words, A = {∅, ... A → B are said to be equal, denoted by f = g,iff(x)=...