Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating referring expressions with a unification grammar" doc

... under consideration. For in- stance, the generalized initial and final contexts of &apos ;a patch' are Initial context Final context p &apos ;a patch' SA SB p SA SB p FOCUS FA FB 0 0 ... MA Ms 0/0 MA MB 1/1 where FA, MA, etc. are variables. Among other things this rule implies that &apos ;a patch' may be used whatever the current focus values for SA and SB, but that...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... aac10@cl.cam.ac.uk Abstract We present an algorithm for generating referring expressions in open domains. Existing algorithms work at the semantic level and assume the avail- ability of a classification ... al., 2003) as alternatives to AVMs. However, all these approaches are based on very similar for- malisations of the problem, and all make the follow- ing assumptions: 1. A semantic...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... information available about the entity than it is sen- sible to include in a description. Nicholas Haddock Hewlett Packard Laboratories Filton Road Stoke Gifford Bristol Bsl2 6QZ England ... 1 As soon as a generation system has access to a knowledge base which contains richer knowledge about the entities in the domain, the system has to face the problem of deciding what part...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Available Mark(relational) Mark(present) Not-Available Mark(passive) Mark(present) VERIFYING IMAGENE'S PRESCRIPTIONS This study has been based primarily on an analysis of a small ... either as present tense actions, as the one in ex- ample ( 6a) , if the action form is available in the lexico-grammar. Active-Available makes this determination. If no action form is availab...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

... phrase, and is suitable for passing directly to a PATR-like unification grammar. It is at the level of surface semantic structure that processes such as elision and one-anaphora take place. ... Suppose, also, that the domain includes a number of attributes (a I, a~ , and so on), and that each attribute has a number of permissible values {v,,t, v,,2, and so on}; and that each...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 02:20

... For appropriateness labels we turn to human annotators. Two annotators were in- structed to label a candidate as appropriate if that candidate was believable as an answer, even if that candidate ... in the face of a large imbalance in positive and negative examples. In answer typing we typically have far more inap- propriate candidates than appropriate candidates, and this is especially t...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... Perl. 23 ate He He:1:2-ate:2:0 ate meat ate:1:0-meat:2:1 ate with ate:1:0 -with: 2:1 meat the the:1:2-meat:2:0 with fork with: 1:0-fork:2:1 fork a a:1:2-fork:2:0 Figure 4: Examples of bigram-subtrees ate meat with ate:1:0-meat:2:1 -with: 3:1 ate with ... that our system performed better than Huang2009. Com- pared with the approach of Huang et al. (2009), our approach used additi...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... of ad- jectives is detemined using Hearst-like patterns. Kanayama and Nasukawa (2006) introduce po- lar atoms: minimal human-understandable syn- tactic structures that specify polarity of clauses. The ... Wilson et al. (2005): a classifier is learnt that distinguishes be- tween polar and neutral sentences, based on a prior polarity lexicon and an annotated corpus. Among the features used a...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... structures. The main achievement of DART was the integration of tradi- tional Computer Assisted Learning (CAL~ facilities - such as the ones available in the PLATO system - in an Artificial Intelligence ... education- al settings and in projects of natural language translation. Practically, our program is one of the few Intelligent Systems available in the field of Fo- reign Language...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning Ken Samuel and Sandra Carberry and K. Vijay-Shanker Department of Computer and Information Sciences University of Delaware Newark, ... template instan- tiations are randomly selected, where R is a pa- rameter that is set in advance. As long as R is large enough, there doesn't appear to be any significant degradation ......

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20