Growth Forecast Errors and Fiscal Multipliers doc

... significance for IMF forecasts, and, to a slightly smaller extent, for EC forecasts. Growth Forecast Errors and Fiscal Multipliers Olivier Blanchard and Daniel Leigh WP/13/1 19 ... growth forecast errors and planned fiscal consolidation holds for all the forecasters considered, but that it is strongest in terms of both economic and statistical signi...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:20

... capital, people and land - and land is always far cheaper outside cities than inside. Why don't capital and people move outside, combining themselves with cheaper land and increasing profits?" ... practices, cultural attitudes and values, and reputation, and the social constructs that guide and enable interpersonal and business relations. History influences the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 00:20

... routine doctor care and is financed by a combination of general revenues and individual premiums. Part D covers prescription drugs and is financed like Part B. Making Taxes the Life of The Party 89 and ... professionals, and they know it (Judis and Teixeira 2002). Historically, Democratic candidates have also done well among organized labor, and unionized firms have typically offer...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... intermediate. 19 Central wage bargaining systems prevail in Bel- gium, Finland and Ireland and also in Austria and the Netherlands, where wage negotiations take place predominantly on the sector ... Market Success in Austria, Denmark, Ireland and the Netherlands. Genf: International Labour Office. Ball, L., and R. Moffitt (2001). Productivity Growth and the Phillips Curve....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 20:20

... Britain, Netherlands, France, etc first set up trading posts along the coast lines and islands of Africa, Asia and Americas. They then built forts and armies, acquired territories and finally ... and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean Islands and Canada. France held parts of Canada and India (nearly all of which was lost to Britain in 1763), Indochina (Vietnam, Laos an...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 14:20

... explanatory variables in model (4) and (5). So include, H i•. OG , f i• (S) and X i• as extra regressors in (4) and (5). The random effects of the resulting equation (4) (and (5)) includes the term ... in the United States and in the Netherlands, Sweden and Germany. This coincides with an increase in both access to and the generosity of publicly provided social insurance an...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... Bulgaria, Estonia, and Lithuania; horizontal exchange rate bands in Hungary and Slovenia; fixed exchange rates in Latvia, Macedonia, and Ukraine; crawling bands in Belarus and Romania; and tightly ... WP/05/151 Assessing and Managing Rapid Credit Growth and the Role of Supervisory and Prudential Policies Paul Hilbers, Inci Otker-Robe, Ceyla Pazarbasioglu, and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20

... decentralization. Tsui and Wang (2004) call fiscal decentralization a “handmaiden” to China’s growth. Chen (2004) argues that regional and local governments have better information, and so more control ... in government spending, and thus led to more growth. Feltenstein and Iwata (2005) use national macro data to argue that decentralization led to both faster growth and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 10:20

... Knowledge and understanding - demonstrate knowledge and understanding within the field of Economic Growth, Innovation and Spatial Dynamics, including both a broad command of the field and deeper ... Knowledge and understanding - demonstrate knowledge and understanding in the field of Economic Growth, Innovation and Spatial Dynamics, including both broad knowledge in the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... medium and 7 mg/L IBA was determined to be optimal for cell growth (10.1 mg/L DW) and ginsenoside production (7.2 mg/g DW). Addition of cytokinin (BA and kinetin) did not affect cell growth ... Natural Sciences and Technology 26 (2010) 191-196 191 Cell suspension culture Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer: Role of plant growth regulators and medium composition on biomass and g...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20