Báo cáo khoa học: "Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning" docx

... Dialogue Act Tagging with Transformation-Based Learning Ken Samuel and Sandra Carberry and K. Vijay-Shanker Department ... Abstract For the task of recognizing dialogue acts, we are applying the Transformation-Based Learning (TBL) machine learning algorithm. To circum- vent a sparse data problem, we extract values ... dialogue acts. This method, which has not been used previ...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... problematic when modelling dialogue acts, and present their so- lutions in §2. With the preliminary problems solved, we investigate the dialogue act labelling task with a description of our data in ... when modelling dialogue acts in IM dialogue. Stolcke et al. (2000) point out that the use of dialogue acts is a useful first level of analysis for describing discourse structure. Dialogue...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... expediently expressed with strings. For in- stance, a feature ‘the current word ends with -ing’ can be expressed as a string cur:end:ing (here we suppose : is a control character). Since indices of ... authors also justified their method by showing that with feature hashing, dot- product is unbiased, and the length of each vector is well-preserved with high probability under some condi...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:20

... contraction relation (I>1) between terms, which is stated as a number of contraction rules of the form X !>1 Y (where X is termed a redez and Y its con- tractum). Each contraction ... anything that can be proven with x can equivalently be proven with y. (16) x y X 0 Z Normalisation and the Dependency Calculus These efficiency problems for parsing with the DC can be...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... tokens with prefix “r:”. We use tokens to encourage overlap between different entities. For the word features, we extract all the words be- tween the two arguments, removing stopwords and the words with ... argument are added with prefix “lc:”. Similarly the two words to the right of the destination arguments are added with prefix “rc:”. Each document in the NYT corpus is associated wit...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 14:20

... Sheva, 84105, Israel yoavg@cs.bgu.ac.il Abstract We present a simple, language-independent method for integrating recovery of empty ele- ments into syntactic parsing. This method out- performs the ... motivating this work is that empty elements are an integral part of syntactic structure, and should be constructed jointly with it, not added in afterwards. Moreover, we expect empty-element r...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... their syntactic structures. Our key idea for understand- ing this mis-match is to “cheat” and initialize EM with the true relationship and then study the ways in which EM repurposes our desired syntactic ... experi- ments showing that if our data actually comes from the model family we are learning with, we can some- times recover the true parameters by simply run- ning EM without clever i...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... cooperative acts used to add information to the c o m m o n g r o u n d f o r t h e p u r p o s e o f accomplishing some joint action. Clark and Schaefer map the s e sp e e ch acts onto contribution ... of the aggregated group votes with regard to expert opinion. The aggregated responses from the volunteer annotators agree extremely well with expert opinion. Acting as a unit, the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

... optimize Q and populate the policy with ex- pected values, the learner needs to explore un- tried actions (system moves) to gain more expe- riences, and combine this with exploitation of the 41 ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... characterizing the DNA-cleaving activity of DRc DNAzyme, we continued to study its RNA- cleaving activity (Fig. 3D–F). Improved cleavage activity has been observed upon replacement of Mg 2+ with ... DNA-cleaving and RNA-cleaving activi- ties could not coexist within a DNA motif, and the double activities competed with each other. Because DRc DNAzyme has comparatively high activities, we f...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 15:20