Báo cáo khoa học: "Efficient Multi-pass Decoding for Synchronous Context Free Grammars" pdf

... been proposed for speeding up decoding. Tsuruoka and Tsujii (2005) proposed easiest-first deterministic decoding. Sid- diqi and Moore (2005) presented the parameter ty- ing approach for fast inference ... average decoding speed (sentences/sec) to two significant digits over five trials. To strictly measure the time spent for decoding, we ignored the preprocessing time, that is, the ti...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... as synchronous tree substitution gram- mars (STSG). We refer to Chiang (2006) for an introduction to synchronous devices. Let us recall the formal definition. An ex- tended tree transducer (for ... (2009) for a more detailed exposition to XTT. 5 Synchronous tree-adjoining grammar XTT are a simple, natural model for tree trans- formations, however they are not suitably ex- pressive...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... 209–217, Columbus, Ohio, USA, June 2008. c 2008 Association for Computational Linguistics Efficient Multi-pass Decoding for Synchronous Context Free Grammars Hao Zhang and Daniel Gildea Computer Science ... introducing Synchronous Context Free Grammars and their decoding algorithms when an n-gram language model is integrated into the gram- matical search space. A synchr...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, ... delivery is likely to be a more cost-efficient strategy for siRNA delivery in vivo than systemic administration. For example, initial clini- cal trials for RNAi-based treatment of age-rel...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:23

... probabilities in the model. THE ALGORITHM Normal form for SCFGs A grammar is in Chomsky Normal Form (CNF) if every production is of the form A ~ B C or A ~ terminal. Any CFG or SCFG can ... generalizes straightforwardly to the more general Canonical Two-Form (Graham et al., 1980) format, and in the case of bigrams (n =- 2) it can even be modified to work directly for arbitrary...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... plications for the description of free word order languages. 2 Introduction Context free grammars in immediate dominance and linear precedence format were used in GPSG [3] as a skele- ton for metarule ... nonterminals. The theorem for any CFG then follows, because any CFG can be trans- formed, into a CFG with fanout 2 by a process essentially like that of transforming into...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... calculated separately for each u in sequence. Allauzen et al. (2010) introduce a transducer for simultaneous calculation of p(u|E) for all un- igrams u ∈ N 1 in a lattice. This transducer is effective for finding ... extracted as the maximum cost string. 5 Lattice Generation for LMBR Lattice MBR decoding performance and effi- ciency is evaluated in the context of the NIST 29 mt020...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... extension to lattices reduces the runtimes for both MERT and MBR, and gives per- formance improvements from MBR decoding. SMT systems based on synchronous context free grammars (SCFG) (Chiang, 2007; ... on Synchronous Con- text Free Grammars. These algorithms are more efficient than the lattice-based versions presented earlier. We show how MERT can be employed to optimize pa- ram...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:21

... described in (C) and then analysed by flow cytometry for propidium iodide (PI) and FITC uptake, the results shown are for the cells that are positive for both PI and FITC uptake. (E) Cells of the fibroblastic ... survival and proliferation, including those for Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, c-Myc, cyclin D1, survivin, Mcl-1, vascu- lar endothelial growth factor, IL-10 and transforming growth factor b [...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... complex before dissociating to leave the free ribozyme behind [21–23]. Therefore, in the hairpin ribozyme reaction the entropic cost of ligation is rather low and can be compensated for by the ... buffer, heated at 90 °C for 1 min followed by incubation at 37 °C for 15 min. The second ligation substrate S17F5 cp was added and the mixture was incubated at 37 °C for another 10 min. Re...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20