Báo cáo khoa học: "Integrating history-length interpolation and classes in language modeling" pdf

... 1516–1525, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Integrating history-length interpolation and classes in language modeling Hinrich Sch ¨ utze Institute ... (i) occur after in the in the validation set, (ii) did not occur after in the in the training set, and (iii) occurred at least 10 times in the training set. Because th...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... smooth- ing and can outperform it if sufficiently rich features are incorporated. 1 Introduction A Language Model (LM) is an important compo- nent within many natural language applications in- cluding ... classifier, which scales well to problems that involve a large number of classes and require training on large datasets. A prominent example of such a problem is language modelin...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... all training instances and |INS| gives the number of training instances which is used as a normalization factor. l j gives 1083 the number of tokens in the j th instance in the training data; ... AQUAINT corpus. 1) Querying AQUAINT corpus with the target and retrieve relevant documents; 2) Splitting documents into sentences and ex- tracting the sentences containing the targe...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... develop- ment and use of multilingual text processing components. By combining finite-state and unification-based formalisms, the grammar formalism used in SProUT offers both pro- cessing efficiency and ... and targets of new hyperlinks. IE systems are becoming commercially viable in supporting diverse information discovery and management tasks. Similarly, automatic hyperl...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... configuration c contains a stack σ c for storing partially processed nodes and a buffer β c containing the remaining input. Transitions in such a system add arcs to the dependency graph and mani- pulate ... task. 1 Introduction Syntactic dependency graphs have recently gained a wide interest in the natural language processing community and have been used for many problems ranging f...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... 1992) and (Pantel et al., 2004). Capitalized terms indicate variables. pl and sg stand for plural and singular forms. 581 used in two modes: (a) receiving a single target term as input and ... searching for instantiations of the other variable to identify candidate related terms (as in Section 3.2); (b) receiving a candi- date pair of terms for the relation and searching...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... promoting an increase in proopiomelanocortin and cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript. Taken together, these findings provide a compelling argument for the role for malo- nyl-CoA in regulating ... effect changes in feeding behavior and energy expenditure. Thus, insulin, leptin and ghrelin, as well as other hormones ⁄ cytokines, interact with their cognate receptors on neu...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... takes place in the order of minutes to hours and involves many hormones, including arginine vasopressin, angio- tensin II, natriuretic peptides, vasoactive intestinal pep- tide, urotensin II, insulin and ... mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 interacting protein 2 (TAK 1 binding protein 2 ¼ TAB 2), as an IEG during hyperosmotic stress in tilapia gill epithelium [26]. Thi...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... of l-arabinose catabolism in two yeast strains belonging to distinct species allowed us to gain a more general insight into pentose metabolism in this group of eukaryotic microorganisms and to ... and from l-arabinose in the case of C. arabinofermentans [25]. The co-utilization of d-xylose and l-arabinose in mixtures by Candida entomaea and P. guilliermondii had already provid...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... in hydration and the conformational changes involved in protein–ligand interactions [16,17], and thus may provide further information on the molecular mechanism of fosfomycin and UDPNAG binding ... charged amino acid side chains, R397 and R120, are also involved in fosfomycin binding, and in view of the multitude of interactions, it was assumed that deletion of a single inte...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 13:20