flexible ac transmission systems (13)

... ultiple FACTS-devices is presented. The basic control design formulation is exactly the same as in the previous section. However, a separate controller is de- signed for each of the FACTS-devices ... damping controllers is to minimize the impact of these disturbances on the system within the limited dynamic rating of the act uator devices (excitation systems, FACTS-devices). In H ũ control t...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... such technologies is Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) [15][16]. As discussed in Chapter 1, within the family of the converter based FACTS, there are a number of FACTS devices available, ... following parameters, ( a) the active power flow of the transmission line, (b) the reactive power flow the transmission line, (c) the bus voltage, and (d) the impedance of the transmissio...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... Fig. 3.5. can control both active and reactive power flows of primary line 1 but only active power flow (or reactive power flow) of secondary line 2 . The active and reactive power f l ow control ... Modeling of Multi-Converter FACTS in Power Flow Analysis 3.2.3.2 Enforcement of Practical Constraints of FACTS The practical current and active power exchange of the FACTS-devices of case 6 of th...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... Equalities of GUPFC The GUPFC shown in Fig. 4.1 can control both active and reactive power flows of the two transmission lines. The active and reactive power flow control constraints of the GUPFC are given ... operation of power systems, facilitate the development of competitive electric energy markets, and stipulate the unbundling the power generation from transmission and mandate open...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... the active and reactive loads of phase p at bus i. 5.2.2.2 Power and Voltage Mismatch Equations of Synchronous Machines PQ Machines. For a PQ machine, the total three-phase active and reactive ... specified: ¦¦ −+−+ ¦¦ +− −=∆ == == cbapcbam m i p i pm i m i p i pm i p i p i cbapcbam pm i pm i pm i pm i m i p i Spec ii BgGgEV BgGgVV PgPg ,,,, ,,,, ))sin()cos(([ )sincos([ δθδθ θθ (5.53) ¦¦ −−−+...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... Transactions on Power Systems, vol 7, no 1, pp 416 – 423 [10] Canizares CA, Alvarado FL (1993) Point of collapse and continuation methods for large ac/ dc systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol ... are the total active and reactive powers of the generator of the base case. The ratio of i KPg / i KQg is constant to maintain constant power factor for a PQ machine. For a PV machine...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... power systems. Basically consideration of the reactive power limits will decrease the maximum loading factor and affect the shape of the PV curves. When the reactive power limits are taken into account, ... Transactions on Power Systems, vol 7, no 1, pp 416- 423 [9] Canizares CA, Alvarado FL (1993) Point of collapse and continuation methods for large ac/ dc systems. IEEE Transactions on P...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... circuit LFC high capacity line low capacity line transmission direction LFC placed crossways to critical lines LFC placed in critical line with high capacity LFC placed in critical line with low capacity Fig. ... transmission capacity leads to a decrease of total system cost. 8.1.2 Control Scheme Due to the wide-area influence that load flow controlling devices have on the transmission...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... Control of FACTS For the implementation of FACTS-Devices, especially for controllable transmis- sion paths in an AC- system, intensive planning st udies and r edesign of control and protection systems ... thi s case the ad- verse interaction cannot definitely be avoided. A second approach is to design a controller working for fast actions on local input varia bles, but achieves coordi nati...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10

... to compute the impact of the FACTS-devices on lines on parallel paths. It computes the GSDF (generation shift distribution factors, [5]) in order to quantify the impacts of FACTS-devices on all ... atic analysis of network t opology with backtracking algorithm z control path z all parallel paths for every FACTS-device computing t he impact of the FACTS- device on parallel paths w ith GSDF det...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 12:10