wo3 nanowires on carbon papers

... as-grown nanowires were scratched from the substrate and dispersed in alcohol. A few drops were put on the holey carbon copper grids for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) ... Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China b Institute of Physics and Center for Condensed Matter Physics, CAS,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:06

... such damage. On the contrary, a light sputtering at the contact areas on the nanowires might even improve the contact resistance by removing the native oxide. The conductivity of the nanowires was ... spin -on deposition [1]. Metal contacts can be defined by optical lithography [2], electron beam lithography [1] or by focussed ion beam (FIB) [3].We present the growth of nanowires wi...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:17

... electronics, optoelectronics and sensor components to biotechnology [1–3]. Among different fabrication methods for nanowi res, chemical vapor deposi- tion (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) ... applied. The experi mental conditions depend not only on the growth method but also on the chosen nanowire material [4–6]. Common aim of all approaches is a perfect control of wire growth by...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:17

... 40 g. 3906 X.C. Song et al. / Materials Letters 61 (2007) 3904–3908 surrounding conditions such as temperature, pressure, and composition of the solution [21]. The formations of nanowires first ... conditions are complicated, the exact reason for the 1D nanostructure synthesized in the presence of inorganic salts needs further investigations. 4. Conclusion In summary, tungsten o xide nanow...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China Received 19 July 2000 Abstract By using a hot ®lament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method, deposition of carbon on Si nanowires ... were formed on the surface of carbonized Si NWs. At a higher reaction temperature ($1000°C), the silicon cores reacted with carbon and transformed into b-SiC cores. Carbon she...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:04

... process leading to nucleation of Si nanowires along the {1 1 1} plane walls. Disproportionation of Si monoxide seems to be the key reaction for the formation of Si nanowires by thermal evaporation of pure SiO ... insight on the morphology, composition and the lateral distri- bution of the chemical species on the surface obtained under conditions that we believe to fa- vour Si nanowire...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:08

... reactivated carbon means activated carbon produced in the compound regenerative facilities, and spent carbon is activated carbon used for over 3 years. The specification of three carbons are expressed ... Experimental conditions and methods The study selected 5 basins(2 reactivated, 2 spent carbon basins, and 1 virgin carbon basin) of granular activated carbon from 24 one...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... carbon. Water Research 13, 1225-1231 Xiaojian Z., Zhansheng W., and Xiasheng G. (1991) Simple combination of biodegradation and carbon adsorption-the mechanism of the biological activated carbon ... Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA, 1989). Chloride ion (Cl - ) concentration was determined by ion-chromatography (Dionex DX-500). DOC concentration was determined by...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... carbon concentration resulted from the oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide by microorganisms during composting (Tiquia et al., 1996). Throughout the composting process, total organic carbon ... organic carbon and total nitrogen During the composting process, total organic carbon in all piles sharply decreased in the first 28 days of composting and from 33 - 45% initial...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... deformation mode and 802.5 cm -1 of covalent bonds W – O, there is only one clear modification, comparing to Raman spectra of film on thinner ITO layers. The only difference is a composition of ... deformation vibration of O – W – O bond and 600 – 900 cm -1 region relates to stretching vibrations of W – O bonds [24]. The Raman peak at 950 cm -1 , attributed to W = O boundary bonds doe...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 03:20