Báo cáo khoa học: "A KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING APPROACH TO NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING" pot

... linguistic knowledge into the network in natural language, to have this knowledge available to query and reason about, and to use this knowledge for processing text including additional NLU knowledge. ... realm of a Knowledge Engineering approach to Natural Language Understanding. A basic core of NL rules enable the NLU expert to input his natural languag...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... phenomenon, similar in spirit to one-anaphora, is illustrated by the following dialog:: USER 1: SYSTEM 1: USER2: I want to fly from Boston to Denver. <displays Boston to Denver flights> Which ... resulting in an end -to- end system that maps input utterances into meaning representation frames. 1. Introduction A recent trend in natural language processing has been...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:21

... Syntax-Free Approach to Japanese Sentence Compression Tsutomu HIRAO, Jun SUZUKI and Hideki ISOZAKI NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corp. 2-4 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0237 ... alternative to these tree trimming approaches, sequence-oriented approaches have been proposed (McDonald, 2006; Nomoto, 2007; Hori and Furui, 2003; Clarke and Lapata, 2006). Nomoto (2...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 00:20

... (best) down to 0.0 (worst). (3) Estimated TOEIC score: It is important to interpret MT performance from the viewpoint of a language proficiency test such as TOEIC 4 . A trans- lator compared ... evaluation, 9 translators who are native speakers of the target language ranked the MT translations into 4 ranks: A, B, C, and D, from good to bad (Sumita et al., 1999). 3 RED rank: An a...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... applied to, the same, large body of text and a mapping de- rived from the distributions of the pair of tag-sets in the corpus. 2 Case Study In order to test this approach we attempted to map together ... EACL '99 A Corpus-Based Approach to Deriving Lexical Mappings Mark Stevenson Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 211 Portobello S...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... from English to several SOV languages. The drawback for hand-crafted rules is that they de- pend upon expert knowledge to produce and are lim- ited to their targeted language pairs. Automatically ... consider to not only change the order of the source language, but also inject syntactic structure of the target language into source language by adding pseudo words into source s...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... distributions, which are typical of natural language. These kinds of pri- ors can lead to degenerate solutions if the parameters are estimated directly. Before describing our approach in more detail, we ... differences hold to a lesser degree when a partial dictionary is provided. With MLHMM, different tokens of the same word type are usually assigned to the same cluster, but types...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... state of a simple finite-state automaton that only has two states. The automaton is set to initial state (q 0 ) at the top of a message. It makes a transition to state (q 1 ) when it encounters ... is to enable the quality and nature of discussions that occur within an on-line discussion board to be communicated in a summary to a potential new- comer or group moderators. We p...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... the future, we plan to explore phonological context and use more flexible topological structures to model acoustic units within our framework. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Hung-an ... R 39 to denote the t th feature frame of the i th utterance. Fig. 1 illustrates how the speech signal of a single word utterance banana is converted to a sequence of feature vectors...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... first step, 8 anno- tators were asked to select words to be removed to compress the sentences. In the second step, 6 an- notators (different from the first step) were asked to pick the best one ... propose to use a two-step approach in this pa- per for sentence compression of spontaneous speech utterances. The contributions of our work are: • Our proposed two-step approach allows...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20