Báo cáo khoa học: "A LOGICAL SEMANTICS FOR NONMONOTONIC SORTS" pptx
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A LOGICAL SEMANTICS FOR FEATURE STRUCTURES" pdf
... Domain of Descriptions: Logical Formulas We now define the domain FML of logical for- mulas which describe feature structures. Figure 3 defines the syntax of well formed formulas. In the following ... satisfiability problem for CNF formulas of propositional logic can be reduced to the consistency (or satisfia- bility) problem for formulas in FML. Thus, the consistency problem for formulas in FML ... practical motivation for the logical treatment given in this paper. We suggest a solution to the problem of representing non- local path values in Section 5.4. 3 Logical Formulas for Feature Structures...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Compositional Semantics for Focusing Subjuncts" doc
... semantic object for the phrase. Proponents of com- positionM semantics argue that natural language it- self is for the most part compositional. In addition, using a composition semantics in semantic ... derived for the constituent, but lacking restrictive information associated with any focused components. 2.3 Two-part semantics In addition to p-sets, two semantic expressions are computed for ... operators for the focusing subjunct 7 (see below). 3.3 The sentential operators The sentential operators for only and even are given below. (The one for too is the same as that for even,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: A facile method for expression and purification of the Alzheimer’s disease-associated amyloid b-peptide pdf
... incu-bated for 4 days with each of the peptides (10 lm), andcells were fixed and used for immunocytochemical analyses.ImmunocytochemistryNeurons were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 minat ... peptides should lead to aggregationand formation of inclusion bodies, and that Ab wouldbe less susceptible to degradation in this form. More-over, the formation of inclusion bodies enables high-level ... to transformed Ca2+-competent E. colicells (ER2566) by heat shock. The transformed cells werespread on LB agar plates containing ampicillin(50 mgÆL)1), single colonies were picked for 2...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Statistical Model for Unsupervised and Semi-supervised Transliteration Mining" pptx
... labelled information for training. Our sys-tem extracts transliteration pairs in an unsupervisedfashion. It is also able to utilize labelled informationif available, obtaining improved performance.We ... of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 469–477,Jeju, Republic of Korea, 8-14 July 2012.c2012 Association for Computational LinguisticsA Statistical Model for Unsupervised ... alignment-basedstring similarity for transliteration mining. Thesemethods model the conditional probability distribu-tion and require supervised/semi-supervised infor-mation for learning. We propose...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Gibbs Sampler for Phrasal Synchronous Grammar Induction" docx
... pnull= 10−10 for this value in the experiments we report below.784either φPzi for phrase pairs or φnull for single lan-guage phrases. We choose Dirichlet process (DP)priors for these parameters:φPzi∼ ... proce-dure for each sentence pair is non-trivial, prov-ing NP-complete for learning phrase based models(DeNero and Klein, 2008) or a high order poly-nomial (O(|f |3|e|3))1 for a sub-class ... discourage long translation units.4.2 A Gibbs sampler for derivationsMarkov chain Monte Carlo sampling allows us toperform inference for the model described in 4.1without restricting the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Modular Toolkit for Coreference Resolution" pdf
... a considerable engineer-ing effort, yet there is very limited avail-ability of off-the shelf tools for researcherswhose interests are not in coreference, or for researchers who want to concentrate ... standoff format of theMMAX2 annotation tool (M¨uller and Strube, 2006)with MiniDiscourse, a library that efficiently imple-ments a subset of MMAX2’s functions. Using ageneric format for standoff ... named entities, as well as additional in-formation such as part-of-speech tags and mergingthese information into markables that are the start-ing point for the mentions used by the coreferenceresolution...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Pipeline Framework for Dependency Parsing" ppt
... allows that use of future information in ad-dition to past information. The pipeline model nat-urally allows access to all the past information.Algorithm 3 Pseudo code for the look ahead algo-rithm. ... rightmost S action taken before anon-S action happens. Note that it is possible thatthere is a relation between a and b, but we can-not perform R or L now. Therefore, we shouldconsider (a, ... children for each word). Note that State changes when a pre-diction is made and that the features extracted for the action classifier also depend on State.The search algorithm will perform a search...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Multimodal Interface for Access to Content in the Home" pdf
... general information about the system’s components, a description and time-stamp for each system event and user event, names and timestamps for the system-recorded sound files, and timestamps for ... Open-ended tasks prompted users to search for any type of information with any input modality. The tasks in the two sets paralleled each other. For example, if one set of tasks asked the user ... where 39% agreed with the former and 25% for the latter. However, in the open-ended interview, users mentioned handwrit-ing as an important back-up input choice for cases when the speech...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Unified Framework for Automatic Evaluation using N-gram Co-Occurrence Statistics" pptx
... only for N’s small enough to yield non-zero P(n) scores. For test corpora of reasonable size, the metrics are usually well-defined for N≤4. The BLEU proposed by Papineni et al. (2002) for ... recall scores for increasingly longer n-grams. For test corpora of reasonable size, the metrics are usually well-defined for N≤4. The ROUGE metric proposed by Lin and Hovy (2003) for automatic ... of the variation, 83.04%. For comparison purposes, we also computed the value of R2 for adequacy using the BLEU score formula given in (Papineni et al., 2002), for the 7 systems using the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: " A Declarative Language for Implementing Dynamic Programs∗" pptx
... time: we in-tend for it to generalize and encapsulate best practices,and serve as a testbed for new practices. Dyna is now be-ing used for parsing, machine translation, morphologicalanalysis, ... used for parsing, syntax-basedmachine translation, morphological analysis, grammarinduction, and finite-state operations.It is well known that various parsing algorithms for CFG and other formalisms ... Parameter TrainingDyna provides facilities for training parameters. For ex-ample, from Fig. 1, it automatically derives the inside-outside (EM) algorithm for training PCFGs.How is this possible?...
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