Báo cáo khoa học: "Soft Syntactic Constraints for Word Alignment through Discriminative Training" pot

... used to impose an ordering; if one word ends before another it is counted as being before the other word. Clearly, this could be inaccurate given that words may overlap. Moreover, speakers ... would have failed without speech repair informa- nSpecifically the dialogs used were d92-1 through d92a-5.2; d93-10.1 through d93-10.4; and d93-11.1 through d93-14.2. The language model...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 19:20

... overall word- level errors #words with at least one FP or FN swe serious word- level errors #words with at least one FP ower overall word- level error rate owe / (total #words) swer serious word- level ... per- formance expected when hyphenating unknown words, i.e. rare future words. However, in real documents common words appear repeatedly. Therefore, the second less- standard experiment...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... model quality for ASR. WER is the count of incorrect words in hypothesis ˆ W per word in the true string W. For measurement, we must as- sume prior knowledge of W and the best alignment of the ... thousand word vocabulary and 40 mil- lion word training sample. The word lattices have a unique start and end point, and each complete path through a lattice represents an utterance...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 15:21

... sentence, first, spot the word with highest nc value. Then extend the spotted sequence to the neighbors of the word by checking their nc values of neighbor words but skipping function words. If the ... unrelated words. Second, the statistical word alignment model is not good at many-to-many alignment due to the fact that translation equivalents are not always correlated in l...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... requirement for the automatic word alignment described below. 5.2.2 Alignment Context Context vectors are populated with the links to words in other languages extracted from automatic word alignment. ... weighting is benefi- cial for calculating similarity between word align- ment vectors as well. Word alignments that are shared by many different words are most probably mismat...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Disambiguator/Guesser is a 'forest' of decision trees, one tree for each ambiguity scheme present in M. Greek and one tree for unknown word guessing. When a word with two or more tags ... a training set for each ambiguity scheme and a training set for unknown words. Table 2 shows a 10-example fragment from the training set for the ambiguity scheme Verb-Noun. F...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 03:20

... word set for the ex- ternal span of the source sub-tree , while  refers to that of the target sub-tree . Internal Word Alignment Features: The word alignment links account much for ... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 306–315, Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010. c 2010 Association for Computational Linguistics Exploring Syntactic Structural Feat...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... process is first carried out for the first new word in the hypothe- sis. It is then repeated for the remaining words in the hypothesis extension. Once the final word in the hypothesis has been processed, ... constructs new hypotheses by extend- ing existing hypotheses. New hypotheses are placed in appropriate hypothesis stacks. In the simplest case, a new hypothesis extends an existing h...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... introduces a viable ap- proach based on tree kernels. 3 Syntactic and Semantic Kernels for Text As mentioned above, encoding syntactic/ semantic information represented by means of tree structures in ... Introduction Question answering (QA) is as a form of informa- tion retrieval where one or more answers are re- turned to a question in natural language in the form of sentences or phrase...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... incu- bated for 4 days with each of the peptides (10 lm), and cells were fixed and used for immunocytochemical analyses. Immunocytochemistry Neurons were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at ... to transformed Ca 2+ -competent E. coli cells (ER2566) by heat shock. The transformed cells were spread on LB agar plates containing ampicillin (50 mgÆL )1 ), single colonies were picked fo...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20