Báo cáo khoa học: Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane pdf

... secreted from the cell or localized to the ER lumen, and membrane proteins, such as those in the plasma membrane or in other organelles of the secretory pathway. Soluble proteins cross the membrane ... pumps. During the synthesis of a multi-spanning membrane protein, the seal would be provided in an alternating manner by either the nascent chain in the pore or, once...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... formed. (iii) The precursor protein is then transported in a process energized by the DpH across the thylakoid membranes. The transported pro- tein is released from the translocase into the lipid ... cytosol and then transported into or across the thyla- koid membrane. This minireview describes the multitude of pathways used for these proteins. We discuss the huge dif...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... conformational change in the GTPase pair pushes the preprotein into the Toc75 translocation channel. An intermembrane space Hsp70 may then contribute to translocation across the outer membrane. The recently ... for the transport of lipids to this membrane [27]. The yeast member of the family Tob55 ⁄ Sam50 is part of the Tob ⁄ Sam complex and is involved in the inser...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... and proteins into and out of the organelle, which have to be funnelled across the two envelope membranes surrounding all plastid types. Among these transport processes, the translocation of proteins ... medi- ated by the protein translocases at the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes [6], but plastids have devel- oped their own ways to solve the main three tasks of prot...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... mem- brane and the photosynthetic thylakoid membranes) as well as three soluble subcompartments, the thylakoid lumen, the stroma and the intermembrane space. The large majority of chloroplast proteins ... Na 2 CO 3 extraction. The protein might span the intermembrane space and simultaneously interact with the inner leaflet of the outer envelope (but less strongly than with...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... [35], albeit the mature protein may affect the efficiency, the effect of the mature protein on targeting appears to be more pronounced in the case of dual-targeted proteins. This likely reflects the fact ... Although the number of dual-targeted proteins is small in terms of the total organelle proteomes, it is unclear whether this just represents the tip of the iceberg....

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... separately from the other TRs, because they signif- icantly outnumber the other types of repeats, and having them in the same group would obscure the effect related to the other repeats. The amino ... cytoplasmic proteins were predicted to be the most structured, whereas in eukaryotes, the most struc- tured portion of the repeats was found in the membrane proteins. Our s...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... consist of four subcompartments: two membranes, the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) and the inner membrane (MIM), and two spaces, the intermembrane space and the matrix. MIM also possesses unique ... exserted into the matrix. These subcompartments divide their own functions, harboring the factors necessary for the functions within them (Table 1). As will be described belo...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... ubc9 and the UFD of uba2 interact at the a1 region. (b) The region below the a1 helix consists mainly of the N-terminal exten- sion of a1 and loops between the b2 and b3 strands and the b6 strand ... have not been identified, but two other proteins have been found to act as SUMO ligases: the polycomb protein Pc2 and the nucleoporin RanBP2 [33]. PIAS proteins PIAS proteins a...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... on these numbers, the c apacity f or cotra nslational transport was estimated for the e ndoplasmic reticulum of the human pancreas. Keywords: endoplasmic reticulum; mammalian microsomes; protein ... presecretory protein s into the Sec61p complex, as well as completion of translo- cation [13,14]. These Hsp70 protein family members o f the mammalian ER may be recruited t...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20