... this glass tube, evacuated ofair, a negatively charged and heated metal plate emitted a beam - a 'cathode ray" - that could be focused and accelerated by itsattraction ... radiation 'radioactivity'.They found that another heavy element, thorium, was alsoradioactive, and deduced that natural uranium ore (pitchblende)contained other radioactive ... alpha particles faster. Because the particles are electrically charged, electric fields can be used toaccelerate them, just as the gravitational field accelerates a fallingapple....