... 8
Data Security
RFID systems are increasingly being used in high security applications, such as access
systems and systems for making payments or issuing tickets. However, the use of
RFID systems ... use of security measures to protect
against attempted attacks, in which people try to trick the RFID system in order to
gain unauthorised access to buildings or avail themselves of services...
... shown in Tables 9.7 and 9.8 exist for the
physical interface between reader and smart card of an RFID system in accordance
with ISO 14443-2.
9.2 CONTACTLESS SMART CARDS 245
9.2.2.3 Part 3 – Initialisation ... description of standards in this chapter merely serves to aid our technical
understanding of the RFID applications dealt with in this book and no attempt has been
made to describe th...
... every RFID system
8 1 INTRODUCTION
Table 1.1 Comparison of different RFID systems showing their advantages and disadvantages
System parameters Barcode OCR Voice recog. Biometry Smart
card
RFID
systems
Typical ... Whereas global
sales of RFID systems were approximately 900 million $US in the year 2000 it is
estimated that this figure will reach 2650 million $US in 2005 (Krebs, n.d.). Th...
... there are some points for consideration when selecting RFID
systems.
26 2 DIFFERENTIATION FEATURES OF RFID SYSTEMS
2.5.1 Operating frequency
RFID systems that use frequencies between approximately ... If we are to maintain an overview of RFID systems we must seek out
features that can be used to differentiate one RFID system from another (Figure 2.1).
RFID systems operate accordin...
... divider
3.1.3
Electromagnetic
3.1.4
RFID systems
1 bit (EAS)
3.1
Acoustomagnetic
3.1.5
Electrical coupling
3.2.4
Figure 3.1 The allocation of the different operating principles of RFID systems into the
sections ... reason, in this book pulsed systems — for differentiation
from other procedures, and unlike most RFID literature(!) — are termed sequential
systems (SEQ).
3.2.1 Inductive cou...
... a resonant frequency that corresponds with the
74 4 PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF RFID SYSTEMS
operating frequency of the RFID system in question.
1
The resonant frequency of the
parallel resonant circuit ... transponder is constant (f = 13.56 MHz, R
2
= 1 )
78 4 PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF RFID SYSTEMS
an inductively coupled RFID system. However, we must also bear in mind that the
influence of c...
... include RFID transponders and Electronic Article Surveillance
(EAS) in shops.
5.2.1.5 Annex 11: RFID applications
Annex 11 describes the frequency ranges and permitted transmission power for RFID
systems. ... inductive radio systems, such as lorry barriers ( RFID) , EAS,
traffic control systems, metal detectors, recognition systems for people, animals and
goods (RFID) , but also data an...
... describes a digital communication system. Similarly,
data transfer between reader and transponder in an RFID system requires three main
functional blocks. From the reader to the transponder — the direction ... medium transmits the message over a predetermined distance. The
only transmission media used in RFID systems are magnetic fields (inductive coupling)
and electromagnetic waves (micro...
... various carrier frequencies are simultaneously available to
the communication participants.
In RFID systems, this can be achieved using transponders with a freely adjustable,
anharmonic transmission ... transponder → reader (uplink): several channels in the r ange
433–435 MHz).
One option for load modulated RFID systems or backscatter systems is to use various
independent subcarrier frequ...