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(1)- I
* ' s6 CIAO DuC & DAO TAO LAO CAI KI THI HOC S I N H G I ~ I T ~ N H LAO CAI A'am hoc : 2005 - 2006
H L * ~ S G D.-:S C H ~ I ~ ~ : SINH HQC Huring dAn chdm gorn 06 trang)
CAU 1(2 dikm 1
So sPnh cllu tao vh diri sGng c3a vi rut, vi khuin tiio d m b l o v i dong vat nguyCn sinh
* 0,s dikm
CAu 3(2 di6m 1
Sly trao d6i ch8t g i h t& bio m6i tnrlmg duuc thuc hi@n qua ming te Ten SV
Vi riit
Vi k h u h
Tho dm bho @ng vat nguyen sinh
bho qua ca chb sau
0.5 didm a.Khuve"ch tiin : Dua bfho su chCnh ICcll vf ndng cl3 0,25 didm - Sy khuyQh tBn cPa dung m6i goi lb thirn th4u 0.25 diejn - Sy k h u y k h tdn cha c8c c h P tan poi IP su thdrn d c h
0.5 &dm b Hoat tii qua mhng t6 b i o : Ngudc lai vdi quy l u g khuygch t i n nhi3 c6c th6 t i i hay chilt mang
CSu tao ! Dui sdng
Rai nh6 vhi chuc d6n v l i trim nanbmkt
Chua c6 c$u truc te bho Chi c6 16i ADN hogc ARN vb boc Protein Hinh cdu, que
-K$ sinh bit budc te' bllo v$t chu
-Su sirlh s i n vB phbt t r i h l h n ~ phri huf hang loat te' b i o vgt chii
-GAY k n h cho sirih vat khic
Kich thudc ttir 1.5 ( M I Midinet c6 th6 dun b i o
-Phdn idn kj sinh gay Mnh
chua nhAn r6 ret
Hinh dang rilt dda dang
C6 th6 don bho C6 nhsn
-Met s6 hoai sinh
! -Sinh s i n nl~anh
i Tu t6ng hap chst hitu ca chua r6 I rihir dicp luc
C6 chill dicp luc
-Ca the d m bPo cv nhan r6 ret
-C6 c%c b i o quan
-Mot sb c6 chat dicp luc
Phdn lim nhir chdt dinh d u a g c6 s8n
Mot s b t~ tdng hqp c h hBu c a
M6t s o kf sinh gay Wnh I -cA t h i nang kgt bio
xiic
(2)0,5 diem c.Thuc bho :Mot sb chiit c6 kich thudc ldn c6 thk trao d6i q u a mhng nh& thuc bho
CAu 3(2.5 diim 1
, = a.Nhhp: tinh chilt cu b i n cua suAn x5 sinh vat
Binh thutmg qu8n xi sinh vat n djnh qua thiti gian C& cu vho thai gian tBn tai nguai ta phan qu&n xP o n dinh v P qu5n xP tam thiti
0,25 dikm - Qudn xH sinh vat lh mot c&u truc d6ng
0.25 diem - Gi8a chc quAn x i t h u h g c6 vung chuydn tie'p ( rritlg det?1 ) 0,25 dikm -Mbi qu8n xH c6 met v i i q u h rhd uu the'
0,25 di& - QuAn xH b n h i h g nai c dieu kien thu?n lui [hi c d d a clang chng c a o v h nguuc lai
0,25 dilnt - M6i quAn x l c ciiu truc dgc tnmg
Cgu true t h u h g ggp lb cAu truc phAn t&ng thing d h g
0.25 di& - Trong lbng m6i quQn x i thutmg siy ria c i c m6i quan he h b tru v i d6i djch
0 , diem b Qu&n xi4 uu thG v i qu2n x i dac t m l g
Trong mBi quAn xH t h u h g c mot v i i quhn the uu [tic VD: Thuc vat c6 hoa 12 yuan the' uu the cua sinh vat can
Trong ciic quAn thd uu t h e quAn xii c q u h the dijc [rung VD: Qu8n thb c o Ih quAn th6 uu thC c i a quAn xii doi vinh phuc 0,5 d i h c Vai trb phan b6 cilu truc t i n e t h i n e dline,
-Phil, b hdp 1j k h o i n g kh8ng gian -Lhm giiim muc canh tranh
CAu 4(2 di6m 1
Hudng ti6n h o i sinh s i n h h tinh u dong v3t
0,5 di& -NghiCn ciru q u i trinh tien h o i 6 dong vat nguiri ta thgy ring: 'Su hohn thi&n dan vC cu quan sinh s8n c lien quan tdi s u hohn thien ddn ve
hinh thirc thu tinh, b i o ve phoi ili cham soc non 0,5 d i h -Su hohn thien v6 c a quan sinh s i n
+ Ti3 c h chua c6 ca quan sinh s i n den co cu quan sinh s i n chuyCn bict +Ti3 c h chua phan hori tinh d u c - ciii (Chua phAn bict giao tii d u c , giao tii c l i ) dC'n c h phan hod r r i n g thinh giao t u d u c ( Tinh trung vh giao tii ciii t ~ g )
+Ti3 c h b cu quan sinh s i n duc i.2 c i i cung n l m tren rnqt cu thd ( L u h g tinh) N h u giun d%t dgn c h cu quan sinh s i n d u c v i c i i nlirn t d n cu th6 khAc 1
nhau ( d m tinh) i, h8u hgt c i c lohi dong vat
0.5 diem - Sq hohn thien v& hinh thuc thu tinh
(3)+ TU thu tinh dgn thu tinh c h i o tao nhilng thay cl6i ve vgt ch3i di
truykn 1hm nguyen lieu chon loc Y& tien hoii Thu tinh ch6o s i y 6 dong v$t d m tinh 0,5 dilm - SU bdo vC ph6i vli cham s6c non
+Tir ch8 ph6i t h g ph5t tri6n dieu kien tu nhiCn (Sau, bi, srit, Iuang c u )d6n ch6 bdt le thuoc v&o m8i tnrlmg xung quanh
+Th ch6 non sinh khgnp duqc bio v e cham s6c den ch8 dude b i o ve cham s6c vh nu6i d u a g dieu kicn nhit djnli tujr timg lohi
Su ti6n hori sinh s i n h h tinh d dong v+t clan b i o cho rlon sinh c tf 1C sdng s6t c5ng cao vi vay s6 sinh I lira ngiy ciing g i i m
CALI S(2.5 di6m 1
a.Kh6i niCm v6 b8 mii
'0,5 di&t - Cir nuclCotit d h g kt? ti6p tren math rnii gdc cua phan tir
ADN mH ho6 aa ho$c 1Bm nhiCm vu ket thuc chuoi Pvlip2ptit goi Iii m l be 3 b.M% di truvtn lh mi bb
q2 5 diein - M6i nucleotit m i ho5 I aa thi co loai nu chi mii hoii duqc loti axit amin
9 dienn - N h 2 nu mB ho6 duqc I aa thi dugc 4' = 16 rnP bi, 2 s8 kh8ng du
mii ho6 20 loai aa
y,5 dihz - Neu mmB b0 3 sE tao duuc 4' =64 mi bi, du de m l hod 20 loai axil amin -
5 die'nn- N h mii b e 4 sO tao duqc J1=256 bi, n l i hod lai qud thira Viiy suy lu+n v$ mgt lj thu>.et thi mii bb 3 la vua phii
c ~ h i l n g dac cliim cha m i duv truven
g2 5 diGbt - MB di truy6n duqc doc thco I chicu ' + 3' tri.11 ph.1 , n tu rnARN O? diein - M I di truyen duqc dvc lien tuc lheo tinlg cutn 3 nuclCotit
0&.5 di$bl - M I di truyCn 18 dCc hieu khOng n15 di truyen nho n l i hoii d6ng thai axit amin
O? di6m - MMB di truyCn c6 tinh bien Nghia la i~ 10% sinh vat ddu dugc mii ho6 nguyen t i c chung
CBu 6(2.5 dikm 1
Ca ch6 c6ch lv ? Y nghia cua chung quii trirlh t i h h o i
SU phan ly tinh trdng C L m d i n c u chi5 c i c h ly C6 4 dang c5ch ly ca bin
I 0,5 diGh - a CAch lv dia 19
Nhiku sinh vat sBng tren can d o su phan cdt b6i su sugt hien c i c chudng ngai vat t r h chc d i i da't d o vay c6c lohi sinh vat il di dong hogc khdng c k h i 'niing di dQng chju dnh h u h g nhieu cua dang c i c h ly niiy drly 18 c a sh hinh
(4)0,5 dilm - b C8ch li sinh thii
Giira czic nh6m c8 th8 quBn the hogc giua c i c quQn thd l o l i c6 su phan ho8, thich img vdi d i t u kien sinh thiii k h i c chng khu
c c dja 19 , giisa ch6ng c s u ciich ly tucmg diii
SU czich ly sinh th6i 1h c a s u hinh thhnh nbi sinh thiii
0,5 die"n1- c G c h lv sinh s i n
Do dijc diem c a quan sinh s i n hogc tgp tinh hoat d?ng sinh duc kh8c ma cPc cd thd thuoc c i c nh6m c6c quiin the k h i c khBng giao phdi
duuc vai T r i i qua thiri gian nhdt djnh d o su phriri h o i silu sic v6 mat di truybn dB hinh thhnh c i c nbi, thu mdi Tren c a su d o tao thrinh lohi mdi
0,5 diht - d C6ch li di truyen
D o c6 nhi6u sai k h i c YC NST vc ciiu truc kicu gcri mil thu tinh
khBng c6 k&t q u i , hoijc hdp t u khvng c kh6 neng s6ng hoec c a th6 lai bai thu.Day 15 ca sb phan li n g i y chng s8u s6c hinh then11 rd net s u khic biet di truyCn
0,s diein - Y n ~ h i a
CLTN the0 nhi6u h u h g k h i c sP d i n den su phrin l i tinh trang Thuc chtlt l l s u phan li ciic nhan 16 di truycn tren NST Q u i trinh phAn li tinh
trang s& thdc ddy d o c6c c u c h c i c h li n6i tren SIJ cicli l i ngdn tin s u giao
phdi tu d o Do d cbng cb, tang cuimg q phari ho5 kicu gen trorig yuan th6
g6c
C8ch li d / a 19 18 su chn this cle ciic nhom c i the plinn h o i tich luy d c dot bi&n the0 hudng k h i c Lhm clio kicu gen sai kliiic n g i y cPng nhi6u G c h li dja 19, c i c h li sinh th6i kt50 diii stZ den cGch li sinh s i n crich li di
truyen d l n h dilu su hinh thlnh lorii mdi
Vgy ciic hinh thlic ciich l i c6 nghia r5t 1htrong tie'n hori rih6
CALI 7(2.5 di6m
Theo db bii c th6 xPc dinh
*0,5 di&t - a S n lump sinh vat tolin ph4n
lo6 2,5% = 2.5 10'KCalo
0,5 didnz - b S i n l u m g sinh vat thuc t e
(5)0,5 digm - c Hinh thhnh sinh thii nang Iumg
m cAp1 I I 0.5 KCalo
m cli'pll/ 2.5 KCalo
rn cipI / 25 KCalo SVSX / 2.5 10: KCalo
(9 do hinh thlip sink thii nang Iuc~ng I di&r - d Hieu sua't sinh thiii
2
- SV tieu thu c&p I: v 0 ~ b = l o o
2.5.10'
0
- SV tieu thu ciip 111: ~ \ ' l O o o = ZOOb 2.5
C l u 8(4 diim 1
a C;ic kidu aen tuana hi^ 1x3 kieu hiell 0,5 d i h l - RuBi duc mft d6 Xf'Y
Rudi duc m i t trfng Xd Y
RuBi crii m i t di, X" X" hoijc S" S"
d -lJ
RuBi crii mft tring X X
b G c phtv lai c th& c VB t i le kith een hinh tlibnh u the he sau :
.0,5 di& + Ph6v lai 1 : P
- Ruoi duc mit db Ru6i cii m i t db
X1'Y x" x"
G P X"; Y
1 XI' XI)
XD
F1 I X"Y
(6)0,5 digm + Ph6p lai :
P RuBi duc mht di,
- Rudi cdi mft db
XU Y XU Xd
GP Xd ; Y XD , Xd
F l l X D Y X" 1 X U X U , X D X d
1 Rudi duc mht d6 Ruoi due 1n51 tring Rudi cdi mit db
0,5 di&z + Phkp lai :
P Rudi duc mit db -
XUY
GP X" ; Y
F1 ?i" Y
1 RuGi duc miit t r i n e
Ruoi cdi mdt tring >id Xd
Xd
1 Xf) Xd
1 KuSi crii rnft di, 0,5 dihl + Ph6p lai :
P
- Rudi duc mit trine
?id Y
GP Xd : Y
F1 1 ?if) Y
1 Ruoiduc rnit clb
0,5 d i h + Ph6p lai : P RuBi duc mht trfng -
Xd Y
Xd *Y
1 X d Y 1 XU XJ
1 duc mit trhng crii rnht
1 X U Y 1 duc mht db
Ruvi c i i mit db
x" xi'
X" 1 X" Xd
1 Ruoi clii mdt di,
Ruoi c i i rnit
)(;I) x d
xk', Xd
1 Xd Xd
1 cdi mit tring
0.5 d i h +- PhCp lai :
P
- Rudi duc miit trfng
Xd Y
GP Xd ; Y
F l 1 X d Y
1 Ruoi duc niit [ring
Ruvi cdi ~ n f t t r h g Xd Xd
Xd
1 Xd Xd
1 KuSi cIi mit t r h g
0,5 dihz c N h h n diic di6m n8i bat cua hien tumg di truvkn r l i y I&:
-C6 hien tuqng phan b6 khong deu clic ki6u hint1 u c5 thd duc.cdi 6 phCp
1 lai rudi duc mi1 d6 XDY llBi ruoi cIi mit di, d / hup Xi'Xd -t F l ( Kibu
hinh mht tring chi c6 u con duc )
- C6 hien tuqngdi truyCn ch6o 6 phCp lai rudi duc mil d6 vdi rudi ciii mdt trdng -+ Fl(Ru6i duc mdt trdng vii ruoi cIi mit db )
-Vay ki6u hinh mit db dB di rru).i?n tir ruoi duc the'hc Psang rubi ciii