+into: tiếp cận và vào bên trong vật,địa điểm đó +onto: tiếp cận và tiếp xúc bề mặt,ở phía ngoài cùng của vật,địa điểm 3 Giời từ chỉ sự chuyển dịch: -From: chỉ nguồn gốc xuất xứ Ex: i co[r]
(1)SOME SENTENCES NEEDED FOR THE CONTEST GRADE 12 SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION TESTS BONUS: SENTENCE BUILDING TESTS SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 2000 – 2001 The shoes were too small for her to wear The shoes were not This motorbike is cheaper than I thought I would be This motorbike is not Sue is excited about going to Spain on holiday Sue is looking I can hardly keep my eyes open Hardly _ I drank such a lot of coffee that I couldn’t get to sleep I drank so They couldn’t anything to stop it Nothing _ She can’t sing as well as she used to She used 2001 – 2002 The table was so heavy that we couldn’t move it The table was too My brother can’t run as fast as he used to My brother used _ We had to wait for so long that we got fed up and left We had to wait for such I’m really sorry I didn’t invite her to the party I really wish I shut the door, but right after that I realized I’d left the key inside No sooner _ It isn’t necessary to finish your work today You don’t _ The car belongs to Mrs Edwards Mrs Edwards is the _ I was so tired that I don’t feel like eating So tired 2002 – 2003 I’m not rich enough to live in such a noise I’m too Lop10.com (2) I will not come if his friend does not invite me Unless _ You have to pay a lot for this motorbike This motorbike _ You remembered to post the letter, didn’t you? You didn’t _ Laurence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan Laurence last No one has ever used that machine That machine _ Do few students learn Latin nowadays? Few students Barbara plays tennis better than Mike Mike doesn’t 2003 – 2004 He sings well and plays the guitar well Not only _ In spite of his serious sickness, he did well in the exam Although They came to the concert late, so they didn’t have good seats If Do your homework first, and I’ll let you play the computer games I won’t allow _ It was a long time ago when I saw a movie It has My younger brother was finally able to get a job My younger brother finally succeeded They have just sold the old house at the end of the road The old house _ You don’t have to finish the work today It Liz is a better pianist than Mai Mai does 10 He was annoyed because his son often came home late He objected _ 2004 – 2005 The prices have increased considerably in the past weeks There has We don’t ever know whether she’s still wealthy For all we know Please don’t talk so loudly while I’m studying I’d rather All my friends disagreed with me None _ May I borrow your car tonight, Dad? Would you mind _ If you have finished your homework by midnight, you can go to the party Unless _ Lop10.com (3) He never has any successful results even though he tries hard However The teacher made her students work hard for the exam The students _ People donate a lot, so the victims of the tsunami are now able to overcome difficulties But for _ 10 He was unable to paint the gate of his house because of the heavy rain The heavy rain _ 2005 – 2006 “That’s a lovely new dress, Jean,” said her mother Jean’s mother complimented Under no circumstances should you phone the police The last I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job It came _ The cost of living has gone up considerably in the last few years There _ I’m absolutely sure he took the money on purpose He couldn’t possibly _ He had no idea how difficult the task would be until he was half way through it Not until _ They had such a fierce dog that nobody would visit them So His disabilities didn’t prevent him from sailing around the world Although The presidential visit attracted such an enormous crowd that all traffic came to a standstill So 10 You can use it as long as you like, and it won’t t wear out No matter _ 2006 – 2007 He says he will help me, but I don’t believe him Although he promises “Go ahead and use my computer,” said he He gave I could not help laughing at his blundering effort I couldn’t stop _ You’ll find the map useful because you may get lost You’d better keep _ It is almost two years since I started playing tennis I took _ He can’t express his ideas in English (HIMSELF) He can’ make _ The area is so polluted that it is hard to live there (POLLUTION) People find Why were you so impolite to my guests? (ACTED) You shouldn’t All my friends disagreed with me (SHARED) None _ Lop10.com (4) 10 May I borrow your car tonight, Henry? (LENDING) Would you 2007 – 2008 The police towed away my car I Her parents moved to Hanoi ten years ago It is He can’t have known anything about the murder, I suppose I’m absolutely _ There are more tourists in the city this year than ever before Never _ Are you fed up with having nothing to do? Don’t you wish _ We could see him in the crowd (MAKE) We could _ The area is so polluted that it is hard to live there (POLLUTION) Such Why were you so impatient in such a situation? (SUPPOSED) You are _ He is likely to arrive late again (PROBABLY) He 10 I don’t mind if you leave now (OBJECTION) I have _ 2008 – 2009 Public opinion was so strong that the Prime Minister had to resign Such I wouldn’t tell her the true story if I were you You’d _ “Don’t forget to give me a ring tomorrow, Peter,” said Wendy Wendy reminded “I think you’d better not come to class for a few days, Helen.” My Mandy wasn’t always so unfriendly Mandy did not We’ll have to leave immediately at the end of the film The moment _ The meeting will end before we reach the school By the _ It is said that the robber was caught while climbing up a fence You are _ If he asked me to go out with him, I would agree Were 10 As soon as the teacher left, the students started shouting again Hardly _ Lop10.com (5) 2009 – 2010 They forced him to tell the truth (MADE) He It was true I felt bored with the concert (DOUBT) The concert _ I’m sure it was Tom who made all this mess (MUST) All this mess I wish you would stop all the noise (LONGER) I can’t put _ She left without saying anything (SINGLE) Not _ They intend to abolish that rule (DO) They are _ We share the same hobby – pop music (LISTENING) All Come on! You didn’t the work at home again (SHOULD) You _ I’m afraid he is not likely to pass the driving test (POSSIBLY) He 10 Will you please turn down the volume a bit? (MIND) Would _ 2010 – 2011 His charming manners deceived several people, including me (TAKEN) I, as well _ As I listened to the music on repeated occasions, my respect for the composer increased (RESPECTFUL) The more In spite of her initial reluctance to take the job, she’s got on very well (FIRST) Reluctant _ I think the hardware of that computer was infected with viruses (OPINION) That computer Your warning helped prevent my failure in the test (FAILED) Had it _ His last letter to me was written months ago (HEARD) It is Be proud of what you have accomplished so far (ACCOMPLISHMENTS) Take He’s not a professional singer, but he sings expressively (EXPRESSION) Though no _ The teacher may ask why I’m absent, so tell him I’m ill (REASON) Should 10 Roger was defeated one more time by Novak in the Indian Wells tournament (ONCE) Novak beat _ Lop10.com (6) 2011 – 2012 Ann is proud of her ability to speak five languages fluently (PRIDES) Being _ Please come as early as possible (BETTER) You should “You have done an excellent job, Lucie,” said the teacher (CONGRATULATED) The teacher _ They say that the computer is playing important part in modern life (ROLE) The computer _ Shortly before my eighteenth birthday, I will go to university (STUDENT) By the _ You can get the best discounts at our shop (OFFERED) It is People who haven’t seen his performances are in no position to be critical (PERFORM) Nobody _ She didn’t try very hard to get to know other people in the course (EFFORT) Little Staying on late at work is becoming less of a problem for me (USED) I 10 These two brands of ketchup are almost the same (HARDLY) There’s SENTENCE BUILDING 2003 – 2004 Internet / be / very fast and convenient way / get information _ It / be / cheap / way / communicate / friends and relatives _ They / get in touch / each other / by means / e-mail / or chat _ You / can check / weather conditions / before / go / camp / or fish _ You / also book / tickets / film shows, concerts, or soccer matches _ Now / you can sit / comfortable / home / / shopping _ Internet / be / also / source of entertainment _ You / listen / music / watch videos / play games _ Internet / be also / use / teaching and learning / foreign language _ 10 fact / it / be / hard / imagine / modern life / without / Internet _ 2004 – 2005 Along / jogging and swimming, / cycling / be / all-round form / exercises _ It can help / increase / strength and energy, / give / you / strong heart _ Lop10.com (7) But / it / not / only advantage / cycling _ It / good exercise / people / painful feet or backs _ However, / It / important / start slowly / and build / gently _ Doing too much / too quick / can / damage / muscles _ You have / doubts / take / cycling / health reasons? _ You / talk / your doctor / and ask / his or her advice _ Follow / your doctor / advice / strict / and you / have / good result _ 10 If you start / cycle now, / you / be / forever fit _ Lop10.com (8) ANSWER KEY SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 2000 – 2001 The shoes were not large enough for her to wear This motorbike is not as expensive as I thought it would be Sue is looking forward to going to Spain on holiday Hardly can I keep my eyes open I drank so much coffee that I couldn’t get to sleep Nothing could be done to stop it She used to sing better than now 2001 – 2002 The table was too heavy for us to move My brother used to run faster than now / he does We had to wait for such a long time that we got fed up and left I really wish I had invited her to the party No sooner had/did I shut the door than I realized I’d left the key inside You don’t have/need to finish your work today Mrs Edwards is the owner of that car So tired was I that I don’t feel like eating 2002 – 2003 I’m too poor to live in such a house Unless his friend invites me, I will not come This motorbike is very expensive/costly You didn’t forget to post the letter, did you? Laurence last saw his sister when she left for Japan That machine has never been used Few students learn Latin nowadays, they? Mike doesn’t play tennis so/as well as Barbara (does) 2003 – 2004 Not only does he sing well but he also plays guitar well Although he had his serious sickness / his sickness was serious, he did well in the exam If they had come to the concert early/earlier, they would have had good seats I won’t allow you to play the computer games unless you your homework first It has been a long time since I last saw a movie My younger brother finally succeeded in getting a job The old house at the end of the road has just been sold It is not necessary for you to finish the work today Mai does not play the piano as well as Liz (does) 10 He objected to his son(‘s) coming home late often 2004 - 2005 There has been a considerable increase in the prices in the past weeks For all we know she used to be wealthy I’d rather you didn’t talk so loudly while I’m studying None of my friends agreed with me Would you mind lending me your car tonight, Dad? Unless you have finished your homework by midnight, you can’t go to the party Lop10.com (9) However hard he tried, he never has any successful results The students were made to work hard for the exam by the teacher But for people’s (big) donation / a lot of money people donated, the victims wouldn’t now be able to overcome difficulties 10 The heavy rain prevented them from painting / made it impossible for them to paint the gate of his house 2005 – 2006 Jean’s mother complimented her on her lovely new dress The last thing you should is (to) phone the police It came as no surprise to me to hear that Karen had changed her job There has been a considerable increase in the cost of living in the last few years He couldn’t possibly have taken the money by mistake Not until he was half way through it did he know how difficult the task would be So fierce was the dog they had that nobody would visit them Although he was disabled, he sailed around the world So many people were attracted by the presidential visit that all traffic came to a standstill 10 No matter how long you use it, it won’t wear out 2006 – 2007 Although he promises to help me, I don’t believe he will He gave (me) a/the permission to use his computer I couldn’t stop myself (from) laughing at his blundering effort You’d better keep the map in case you get lost I took up (playing) tennis almost two years ago He can’t make himself understood in English People find it hard to live in the area with such pollution You shouldn’t have acted so impolitely to my guests None of my friends shared (with me) my ideas 10 Would you mind lending me your car tonight, Henry? 2007 – 2008 I had my car towed away by the police It is ten years since her parents lived in Hanoi I’m absolutely certain/sure (that) he didn’t know anything about the murder Never before have there been so/as many tourists in the city as this year Don’t you wish you had something to do? We could just make him out in the crowd Such is the pollution of the area that it is hard to live there You are supposed to have been patient in such a situation He will probably arrive late again 10 I have no objection to you/your leaving now 2008 – 2009 Such was the strength of opinion that he Prime Minister had to resign You’d better not tell her the true story Wendy reminded Peter to give her a ring the day after My advice is that Helen should not come to class for a few days Mandy did not always act in such an unfriendly way/manner The moment the film ends, we’ll have to leave By the time we reach the school, the meeting will have ended The robber is said to have been caught while climbing up a fence Were he to ask me to go out with him, I would agree 10 Hardly had/did the teacher left/leave when the students started shouting again 2009 – 2010 Lop10.com (10) He was made to tell the truth The concert was no doubt boring to me All this mess must have been made by Tom I can’t put up with all the noise you are making any longer Not a single word did she say when she left They are going to away with that rule All of us enjoy listening to pop music You should have done the work at home He can’t possibly pass the driving test 10 Would you mind turning down the volume a bit? 2010 – 2011 I, as well as several people, was taken in by his charming manners The more I listened to the music, the more respectful to the composer I was / felt Reluctant to take the job as / though she was / might be at first, she’s got on very well That computer had its hardware infected with viruses, in my opinion Had it not been for your warning, I would / might have failed (in) the test It is months since I last heard from him Take pride in the accomplishments you have made / gained / attained so far Though no professional singer, he sings with expression Should the teacher ask for the reason why I’m absent, tell him I’m ill 10 Novak beat Roger once more / once again in the Indian Wells tournament 2011 – 2012 Being able to speak five languages fluently is what Ann prides herself on You should come the sooner, the better The teacher congratulated Lucie on having done an excellent job The computer is said to be playing an important role in modern life By the time I am eighteen, I will have been a university student It is the best discounts that are offered at our shop Nobody is in the position to be critical without having seen him perform Little effort did she make to get to know other people in the course I am getting used to staying on late at work 10 There’s hardly a difference between these two brands of ketchup Lop10.com (11) SENTENCE BUILDING 2003 – 2004 The Internet is a very fast and convenient way to get information It is a cheap way to communicate with friends and relatives They can get in touch with each other by means of e-mail or chatting You can check weather conditions before going camping or fishing You can also book tickets for film shows, concerts, or soccer matches Now you can sit in a comfortable home doing shopping The Internet is also a source of entertainment You can listen to music, watch videos or play games The Internet is also used for teaching and learning a foreign language 10 In fact, it is hard to imagine modern life without the Internet 2004 – 2005 Along with jogging and swimming, cycling is an all-round form of exercises It can help (to) increase strength and energy, and (to) give you a strong heart But it is not the only advantage of cycling It is good exercise for people with painful feet or backs However, it is important to start slowly and build up gently Doing too much (and) too quickly can damage to your muscles Do you have (any) doubts about taking up cycling for health reasons? You should talk to your doctor and ask for his or her advice Follow your doctor’s advice strictly and you will have a good result 10 If you start cycling now, you will be forever fit http://sea007.violet.vn/present/show/entry_id/6618389 Lop10.com (12) Lop10.com (13) -At : vào lúc ( thường với ) ) Giời từ thời gian: (Preposition for time) -On : vào ( thường với ngày ) -In : vào ( thường với tháng, năm, mùa, kỷ ) -Before: trước -After : sau -During : ( khoảng) ( với danh từ thời gian ) -At : ( dùng cho nơi chốn nhỏ trường học, sân bay ) 2) Giời từ nơi chốn: (Preposition for Places) -In : (chỉ bên ) , (nơi chốn lớn thành phố, tỉnh ,quốc gia, châu lục ) -On,above,over : trên _On : trên tiếp xúc bề mặt -To, into, onto : dến +to: hướng tiếp cận tới người,vật,địa điểm +into: tiếp cận và vào bên vật,địa điểm đó +onto: tiếp cận và tiếp xúc bề mặt,ở phía ngoài cùng vật,địa điểm 3) Giời từ chuyển dịch: -From: nguồn gốc xuất xứ Ex: i come from vietnamese (Preposition for move) -Across : ngang qua Ex: He swims across the river ( bơi ngang qua sông) -Along : dọc theo -Round,around,about: quanh -With : với 4) Giới từ thể cách: (Preposition for manner) -Without : không, không có -According to: theo -In spite of : mặc dù -Instead of : thay vì -To : để 5) Giới từ mục đích: (Preposition for purposes) -In order to : để -For : dùm, dùm cho -Ex: Let me it for you : để tôi làm nó dùm cho bạn -So as to: để -Thanks to : nhờ 6) Giới từ nguyên do: (Preposition for reasons) -Ex: Thanks to your help, I passed the exam ( nhờ giúp đở bạn mà tôi thi đậu) -Through : do, vì -Ex: Don't die through ignorance ( đừng chết vì thiếu hiểu biết) -Because of : vì -Owing to : nhờ ở, -Ex: Owing to the drought,crops are short ( vì hạn hán nên mùa màng thất bát) -By means of : nhờ, phương tiện Ý nghĩa số giới từ: 1/about: Lop10.com (14) Xung quanh : Ex: I looked about her :tôi nhìn xung quanh cô Khắp nơi, quanh quẩn : Ex: He walked about the yard quanh sân Khoảng chừng Ex: It is about km : độ khoảng 3km Về Ex: What you think about that? bạn nghỉ gì điều đó? 2/Against: Chống lại, trái với Ex: struggle against đấu tranh chống lại Đụng phải Ex: He ran against the trunk :hắn chạy đụng vào gốc cây Dựa vào Ex: I placed her her against the trunk :Tôi để cô dựa vào gốc cây So với :Ex: The class now has 50 students against 40 last years : lớp có 50 học sinh so với 40 học sinh năm ngoái Chuẩn bị, dự trù Ex: I saved $2,000 against my study next year : tôi để dành 2.000 đô chuẩn bị cho việc học năm sau 3/At Tại ( nơi chốn ) Ex: The teacher is at the desk: cô giáo bàn làm việc Lúc ( thời gian) Ex: I get up at 6.00 : tôi thức dậy lúc Thành ngữ trạng thái: Ex: -At work : làm việc At play : chơi At oen's prayers : cầu nguyện At ease : thoải mái At war : có chiến tranh At peace : hòa bình Thành ngữ chiều hướng Ex: -Rush at sb : lao phía Point at : vào Ex: The teacher pointed at me : cô giáo vào tôi Thành ngữ số lượng Ex: I estimated the class at 50 : tôi độ lớp học chừng 50 người 4/BY: Kế bên, cạnh Ex: I sat by her : tôi ngồi cạnh cô Trước Ex: You must come here by ten o'clock : bạn phải đến đây trước 10giờ Ngang qua Ex: She passed by my house : cô ngang qua nhà tôi Bởi Ex:The cake was made by me : cái bành làm tôi Ở chổ Ex: I took her by the hand tôi nắm tay cô Theo Ex: Don't judge people by their appearances : đừng xét người theo bề ngoài Chỉ đo lường Ex: They sell beer by the litter : họ bán bia tính theo lít Một số thành ngữ: Little by little : day by day : ngày qua ngày Two by two : cái by mistake : nhầm lẫn Learn by heart : học thuộc lòng 5/FOR Lop10.com (15) Vì , cho : I bring something for you : tôi mang vài thứ cho anh thời gian: I have lived here for years : tôi đã sống đây năm Chỉ nguyên do: I was punished for being lazy : tôi bị phạt vì lười Chỉ chiều hướng : She left for Hanoi : cô HN Chỉ trao đổi : I paid $3 for that book : tôi trả đô để mua sách đó 6/FROM Từ (một nơi nào đó ): I went from home ( tôi từ nhà đến đây) Chỉ nguồn gốc : I am from Hanoi ( tôi từ HN đến) Từ + thời gian : From Monday to Saturday ( từ thứ hai đến thứ bảy) Chỉ khác biệt : I am different from you ( tôi khác với bạn) Chỉ nguyên nhân: Ex: -I suffer from headaches : ( tôi bị nhức đầu) 7/IN Chỉ nơi chốn: Chỉ thời gian: Buổi : In the moning Từ tháng trở lên: in May , in spring, in 2008, in the 19th century Chỉ trạng thái Be in debt : mắc nợ Be in good health : có sức khỏe Be in danger : bị nguy hiểm Be in bad health : hay đau yếu Be in good mood : vui vẻ Be in tears : khóc Một số thành ngữ khác -In such case :trong trường hợp -In short, in brief : tóm lại -In fact : -In other words : nói cách khác -In one word : nói tóm lại -In all: tổng cộng -In general : nói chung -In particular : nói riêng BÀI TẬP VIẾT LẠI CÂU CÓ ĐÁP ÁN Lop10.com (16) Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi, không thay đổi dạng từ cho sẵn Exercise 1: I suffered from obsessive and agonising thoughts Prey ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He can hardly read at all Virtually ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He can speak French well enough to go to the conference Fluent ……………………………………………………………………………………………… His arrival was completely unexpected Took ……………………………………………………………………………………………… The first sign of the disease is a feeling of faintness Onset ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He began by giving us a summary of his progress so far Outset ……………………………………………………………………………………………… As an antidote to their disappointment, he bought them ise-cream Offset ……………………………………………………………………………………………… I travel by bus only when I have no alternative Resort ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 2: Sarah wore dark glasses so that no one would recognise her Avoid ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Anne was afraid the neighbours would despire her for not having a washing machine Look ………………………………………………………………………………………… If only you had tried harder you might have passed the exam Effort ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Lop10.com (17) ‘I wonder if you could possibly open the door for me?’mind ……………………………………………………………………………………………… It might be better if that paragraph was omitted Leave ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Bill reckoned that his success was due to incredible luck Put ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Why not tell him the truth and be finished with it? Get ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Martin had difficulty in accepting the loss of his money Hard ……………………………………………………………………………………………… It wasn’t my intention to upset you Mean ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 The children pestered ur for sweets Kept ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 3: They don’t mind which film they go to Matter ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He continued his story, even though no one was listening Went ……………………………………………………………………………………………… If I were left alone, I’d finish the job quickly Interrupting ……………………………………………………………………………………………… The notice said that you could not smoke in class Forbidden ……………………………………………………………………………………………… My mother did not like my new shoes Disapproved ……………………………………………………………………………………………… She was dismissed because her typing was poor Lost Lop10.com (18) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He spoke confidently and that impressed me Which ……………………………………………………………………………………………… She doesn’t know the difference between margarine and butter Tell ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He is famous for his vast knowledge of primitive religion Authority ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 He took no part in the discussion Contribute ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 4: How you explain the difference between the two witnesses’ stories? Account ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He is certainly not stupid Means ……………………………………………………………………………………………… ‘You don’t appreciate me,’ she complained Granted ……………………………………………………………………………………………… After the death of the giant they lived in peace Once ……………………………………………………………………………………………… The man in that painting bears a strong resemblance to my uncle Reminds ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Someone has stolen her bicycle Had ……………………………………………………………………………………………… People know they were spies Known ……………………………………………………………………………………………… I found it when I was looking through some old papers Came ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Lop10.com (19) We didn’t go in case we were recognised Fear ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 After two hours the bridegroom still hadn’t appeared Sign ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 5: We could just discern the buildings through the fog Make …………………………………………………………………………………………… It is my strong belief that John was responsible Suspect …………………………………………………………………………………………… He has a good relationship with all his students Gets ……………………………………………………………………………………………… His rude behaviour is too much for me Put …………………………………………………………………………………………… The meeting was well attended Turned …………………………………………………………………………………………… It was obvious that the old house was past its prime Days …………………………………………………………………………………………… As a boy, he was a ragular churchgoer Used …………………………………………………………………………………………… How likely is it she will pass the exam? Chances …………………………………………………………………………………………… The film didn’t come up to my expectations Short …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10 I can’t stand that dreadful noise any longer Enough …………………………………………………………………………………………… ĐÁP ÁN Lop10.com (20) Exercise 1: I was a prey to obsessive and agonising thoughts He is virtually unable to read His French is fluent enough to go to the conference His arrival took us by surprise The onset of the disease is shown by a feeling of faintness At the outset, he gave us a summary of his progress so far To offset their appointment, he bought them ice-cream I resort to travelling by bus only when I have no alternative Exercise 2: Sarah wore dark glasses to avoid being recognised Anne was afraid the neighbours would look down on her for not having a washing machine If only you had made an effort you might have passed the exam Would you mind opening the door for me? It might be better to leave out that paragraph Bill put his success down to incredible luck Why not tell him the truth and get it over with? Martin found it hard to accept the loss of his money I didn’t mean to upset you 10 The children kept on asking us for sweets Exercise 3: It doesn’t matter to them which film they go to He went on with his story even though no one was listening If you didn’t keep interrrupting I’d finish the job quickly Lop10.com (21)