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Chapter 1 - Introduction to information technology: The future now. The main contents of this chapter include all of the following: Information technology & your life: the future now; information technology is pervasive: cellphones, email, the internet, & the e-world; information technology is pervasive: cellphones, email, the internet, & the e-world; the “all-purpose machine”: the varieties of computers; understanding your computer; where is information technology headed?
Using Information Technology, 11e Introduction to Information Technology: The Future Now Chapter © © 2015 2015 by by McGraw-Hill McGraw-Hill Education Education This This proprietary proprietary material material solely solely for for authorized authorized instructor instructor use use Not Not authorized authorized for for sale sale or or distribution distribution in in any any manner manner This This document document may may not not be be copied, copied, scanned, scanned, duplicated, duplicated, forwarded, forwarded, distributed, distributed, or or posted posted on on a a website, website, in in whole whole or or part part Chapter Topics UNIT 1A: The Mobile World, Information Technology, & Your Life Using Information Technology, 11e 1.1 Information Technology & Your Life: The Future Now 1.2 Information Technology Is Pervasive: Cellphones, Email, the Internet, & the E-World UNIT 1B: The Basics of Information Technology 1.3 The Practical User: How Becoming tech Smart Benefits You 1.4 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of Computers 1.5 Understanding Your Computer 1.6 Where Is Information Technology Headed? © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e UNIT 1A: The Mobile World, Information, & Your Life • As the result of developments in information technology, smartphones and tablet computers are changing nearly everything we • Information technology refers to any technology that helps produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e 1.1 Information Technology & Your Life The Future Now â 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Two Parts of IT: Computers & Communications Information technology affects almost all aspects of our lives, Using Information Technology, 11e including education, health, finance, recreation and entertainment, government, jobs and careers, and your personal life • Part 1: Computer Technology A computer is a programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data—raw facts and figures—and processes, or manipulates, it into information we can use • Part 2: Communications Technology Communications technology, also called telecommunications technology, consists of of electromagnetic devices and systems for communicating over any distance © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Education: The Promise of More Interactive & Individualized Learning Education has become heavily involved in information technology Using Information Technology, 11e • Information technology can be used for: • • • • Personalizing students’ education Automating tedious and rote tasks and managing classes Reducing instructors’ workload (course-management software) Graphical presentations (e.g., PowerPoint) • What is misuse? • • • • Text messaging or emailing friends during class Surfing the Internet for entertainment Doing assignments for other classes Sharing answers © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Education: The Promise of More Interactive & Individualized Learning Using Information Technology, 11e • Online Learning, or distance learning, is becoming common • Not all online schools/courses are accredited; students should check • Online courses are less expensive than traditional courses • Distance learning is available to students in rural areas • Tutoring, simulation, and avatars are also aspects of IT in education: © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Health: High-Tech for Wellness Computers are playing important roles in our Using Information Technology, 11e personal lives • Telemedicine: Medical care via telecommunications lets doctors treat patients from far away • 3D Computer models allow accurate tumor location inside a skull; X rays, MRIs, CT scans can be done remotely © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Money & Business: Toward the Cashless Society? Information technology is reducing the use of traditional money Using Information Technology, 11e • Virtual means something that is created, simulated, or carried on by means of a computer or a computer network • Virtual money includes cash-value cards, automatic transfers, and digital money • “Electronic wallets” (e.g., PayPal) • Electronic payroll deposit • Online bill paying via debit and credit cards • Micropayments for online products and © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Money & Business: Toward the Cashless Society? • Smartphones are used for “showrooming” and shopping Using Information Technology, 11e • Technology can also be used to telecommute and to start businesses and earn money 10 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e How Computers Work: Three Key Concepts All computer users must understand three basic principles: (1) Data is turned into information; (2) hardware and software have their own specific functions; and (3) all computers involve input, processing, storage, and output, plus communications Purpose of a computer: Turning data into information • Data: the raw facts and figures • Information: data that has been summarized or otherwise transformed for use in decision making Hardware vs software (continued) • Hardware = the machinery and equipment in a computer 33 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e The basic operations of a computer: All computers use basic operations + communications: • Input: What goes into the computer system • Processing: The manipulation a computer does to transform data into information • Storage: • Primary storage, or memory, is temporary storage for data waiting to be processed • Secondary storage is permanent storage: media such as hard disk, DVDs, and CDs • Output: What comes out—the results of processing, such as on the 34 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Panel 1.7 Page 29 35 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Customizing a Desktop Computer • What would you need? Using Information Technology, 11e • Keyboard & mouse (input hardware) • Inside the system cabinet (processing & memory hardware) • Case and power supply • Processor chip – the central processing unit (CPU) • Memory chips – random access memory (RAM) or primary storage • Motherboard – the system board, the main circuit board, with 36 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Putting the components together Panel 1.8 Page 31 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part • Storage Hardware: Hard Drive, CD/DVD Drive Using Information Technology, 11e • Storage capacity is represented in bytes • byte = character of data • kilobyte = 1,024 characters • megabyte = 1,048,576 characters • gigabyte = over billion characters • terabyte = over trillion characters • petabyte = about quadrillion characters 38 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part • Output hardware Using Information Technology, 11e • Video • Sound cards • Speakers • Monitor • Printer • Communications hardware • Modem 39 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Basic PC System Panel 1.9 Page 33 40 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Software Using Information Technology, 11e Computers use two basic types of software: system software and application software • System Software—enables the computer to perform essential operating tasks and makes it possible for application software to run • Most important part: operating system (OS) • Some operating system options • Windows • Unix • Linux Mac OS 41 â 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Software Using Information Technology, 11e • Application Software—enables you to perform specific tasks—solve problems, perform work, or entertain yourself • Compatibility: Application software is specific to the system software you use • Linux applications won’t work on Windows • Windows applications won’t necessarily work on Linux © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e 1.6 Where Is Information Technology Headed? 43 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e Computers are headed in three basic directions— miniaturization, faster speeds, and greater affordability —and communications are improving connectivity, 44 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part When Computers & Communications Converge: Five Results Convergence—combination of several industries Using Information Technology, 11e • Computers • Communications • Consumer electronics • Entertainment • Mass media Portability Personalization Collaboration 45 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11e • Cloud computing basically means that instead of storing your software and/or data on your own PC or your own company’s computers, you store it on servers on the Internet • Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to a group of related technologies used for developing machines to emulate human qualities, such as learning, reasoning, communicating, seeing, and hearing Much of AI is based on the use of algorithms, formulas or sets of steps for solving particular problems AI deals with Big Data, data that is so large and complex that it cannot be © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Ethics Using Information Technology, 11e Many important ethical issues are involved in the use of information technology • Ethics is the set of moral values or principles that govern the conduct of an individual or a group • ethical considerations resulting from development of IT: • Speed & scale affect security and personal privacy • Unpredictability—IT can be less predictable and reliable than other technologies • Complexity—computer systems can be unmanageable 47 © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part .. .Chapter Topics UNIT 1A: The Mobile World, Information Technology, & Your Life Using Information Technology, 11 e 1. 1 Information Technology & Your Life: The Future Now 1. 2 Information Technology. .. website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11 e 1. 2 Information Technology Is Pervasive • Cellphones, Email, the Internet, & the E-World 15 © 2 015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary... distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part Using Information Technology, 11 e 1. 1 Information Technology & Your Life The Future Now â 2 015 by McGraw-Hill Education This proprietary material solely