Memoirs MCZ 53

MEMOIES OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE VOL CAMBRIDGE, LIII MASS., U S printeC* for tbe /iDuseum 1936 A i /IDemoirs of tbe /iDuseum ot Comparative Zoology AT HARVARD COLLEGE Vol LIII REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF DREDGING OPERATIONS FROM 1877 TO 1880, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, MADE BY THE UNITED STATES COAST SURVEY STEAMER "BLAKE," LIEUT COMMANDER J COMMANDER C D SIGSBEE, U.S.N., AND BARTLETT,U.S.N., COMMANDING, INCLUDING ALSO THE RESULTS OF THE DREDGING OPERATIONS FROM 1867 TO 1879, IN CHARGE OF L F DE POURTALES AND L AGASSIZ, MADE BY THE UNITED STATES COAST SURVEY STEAMERS "CORWIN," "BIBB," AND "HASSLER," ACTINGMASTER R PLATT, LIEUT COMMANDER P R JOHNSON, U.S.N., R COMMANDING XLIX THE ALC YON ARIA OF THE WESTERN PART OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN By ELISABETH DEICHMANN •WITH THIRTY-SEVEN PL.\TES CAMBRIDGE, Iprtnteo for tbe 1936 U.S.A /Buseum CONTENTS Page PART Introduction I Material Composition of the Fauna 15 16 17 The Relationship of the Fauna to that of other waters History of the West Indian Alcyonarians Taxonomic arrangement 20 Characters used for Determination 23 Macroscopical Features Microscopical Features 23 28 System.\tic II Order Account 31 Stolonifera I 31 32 Clavulariidae Clavularia Quoy & Gaimard 1834 34 ?C bathybius (Saville Kent) C rudis (Verrill) 35 A rubens Verrill) 37 38 Verrill 1869 C elegans spec, no v 38 Telestacea Telesto 36 37 Cyathopodium II 36 37 Tubiporidae Telestidae 35 37 rugosum Pourtales (Anthopodium Verrill 1872 S Lamouroux 39 40 40 1821 T rigida Wright & Studer T sangiiinea spec nov 41 T flavula spec nov T fructiculosa Dana 42 T Order 33 C modesta (Verrill) C tubaria Wright & Studer Sarcodictyon Forbes 1847 Order 22 26 Technical Terms PART 18 riisei Duchassaing 41 43 & Michelotti 44 T rupicola (F Miiller) 45 Alcyonacea 46 III 47 Alcyoniidae Alcyonium Linnaeus 1758 A digitatum Linnaeus 48 49 A rubistella spec nov Anthomastus Verrill 1878 A grandiflorus Verrill A agassizii Verrill Nidalia Gray 1835 N occidentalis Gray N rigida spec nov 47 52 52 54 55 56 57 CONTENTS Page Nephthyidae Eunephthya 58 Verrill 1869 59 E nigra (Pourtales) E glomerata Verrill 60 E florida (Rathke) E rubiformis (Ehrenberg) 62 E fructicosa (M Sars) 64 61 63 Neospongodes Kiikenthal 1903 & N portoricensis (Hargitt N agassizii spec nov N caribaea spec nov 66 Rogers) 67 69 70 (Fasciculariidae) 72 (Xeniidae) 72 Order IV Goegonacea 72 74 Suborder Scleraxonia Briareidae 74 Erythropodium Kolliker 1865 E caribaeorum (Duchassaing E polyanthes (Duchassaing Anthothela Verrill 1879 & 76 & Michelotti) Michelotti) 77 77 78 A grandiflora (M Sars) Briareum Blainville 1830 78 79 B asbestinum (Pallas) B asbestinum (Pallas) var 79 80 ? Paragorgia ISIilne-Edwards 1857 P arborea Linnaeus 81 Iciligorgia Duchassaing 1870 82 schrammi Duchassaing Titanideum Verrill 1863 T suberosum (Ellis & Solander) 82 83 Suberia Studer 1878 85 clavaria Studer 85 I S (Spongioderma Kolliker 1870) Diodogorgia Kiikenthal 1919 & Rogers) 87 & Studer 1887 88 K richardii (Lamouroux) Melitodidae) Suborder Holaxonia 89 90 90 91 Plexauridae (only two species are included) Eunicella Verrill 1869 E tenuis Verrill 85 86 88 Suberogorgiidae Keroeides Wright (Coralliidae 83 85 D ceratosa Kiikenthal D nodulifera (Hargitt 81 E modesta Verrill 91 92 92 93 Plexaurella Valenciennes 1855 94 Eunicea Lamouroux 1816 95 CONTENTS Page 95 Plexauropsis Verrill 1907 Plexaura Lamouroux 1812 96 96 Muriceidae 99 Muricea Lamouroux 1821 M muricata (Pallas) M laxa Verrill M spicifera Lamouroux M pendula Verrill 100 101 Eumuricea Verrill 1868 102 103 104 104 E atlantica Riess Hypnogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 H pendula Duchassaing & Michelotti 105 Caliacis gen nov 106 C nutans (Duchassaing & Michelotti) 107 107 Scleracis Riess 1919 guadalupensis (Duchassaing S petrosa spec nov S Thesea Duchassaing 105 & & Michelotti) 108 110 Michelotti 1860 110 T solitaria (Pourtales) T granulosa spec nov 112 T bicolor spec nov T rubra spec nov 114 T gracilis spec nov T citrina spec nov 116 T rugosa spec nov T parviflora spec nov 117 113 115 116 T guadalupensis Duchassaing T grandiflora spec nov 118 & Michelotti 119 120 T grandiflora var rugulosa var nov T hebes spec nov 121 T nivea spec nov 122 Thesea plana spec nov T ? species 121 123 124 124 Bebryce Philippi 1842 B grandis spec nov 125 B cinerea spec nov B parastellata spec nov 126 127 Eubrandella nov nom 128 E flabellum (Verrill) Acanthacis gen nov 129 130 A scabra spec nov A austera spec nov 131 Trachymuricea gen nov T hirta (Pourtales) 132 132 Paramuricea Kolliker 1865 133 134 P echinata spec nov P placomus (Linnaeus) 135 P multispina spec nov P grandis Verrill 137 (Muriceides Wright & Studer 1887) 135 137 138 COxNTENTS Page Villogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti V nigrescens Duchassaing & Michelotti Placogorgia Wright & Studer 1889 139 140 141 P mirabilis spec nov 142 P tenuis (Verrill) 143 P rudis spec nov 144 Echinomuricea Verrill 1889 145 E atlantica (Johnson) Doubtful Forms Filigella Gray 1868 147 147 147 F gracilis Gray) & (Anthomuricea Wright Studer 1887 A antillarum Aurivillius Acanthogorgiidae 145 Acanthogorgia Gray 1857 148 148 148 149 A armata Verrill 149 A aspera Pourtales A schrammi (Duchassaing 150 Primnoidae Primnoinae & Michelotti) Plumarella Gray 1870 155 155 P pourtalesii (^^errill) P pourtalesii var robusta var nov Primnoa Lamouroux 1812 156 156 157 P resedaeformis (Gunnerus) Caligorgia Gray 1857 151 153 157 158 C gracilis (Milne-Edwards) 158 C verticillata (Pallas) 159 162 Primnoella Gray 1857 P polita spec nov 162 P delicatissima Kiikenthal 163 164 Thouarella Gray 1870 T goesi (Aurivillius) 164 T aurea spec nov 165 166 Callozostroninae 166 Gray 1870 imbricata (Johnson) Stenella S 167 168 Calyptrophorinae Narella Gray 1870 N regularis (Duchassaing N laxa spec nov N pauciflora spec nov 168 & Michelotti) Calyptrophora Gray 1866 C trilepis (Pourtales) Gorgoniidae 169 170 170 171 171 172 Gorgonia Linnaeus 1758 G hartti Verrill 174 Leptogorgia Milne-Edwards 1857 L virgulata (Lamarck) 175 L setacea (Pallas) 175 177 178 CONTENTS L hebes Verrill L miniata (Valenciennes) & Michelotti 1864 S casta (Verrill) S pourtalesii nom nov 182 185 187 188 S species 192 193 P bipinnata Verrill 190 192 Pterogorga Ehrenberg 1834 193 195 P americana (Gmelin) 196 P sparsiramosa Bielschowsky P acerosa (Pallas) 197 P acerosa var elastica Bielschowsky P ellisiana ISIilne-Edwards 199 Xiphigorgia ]Milne-Edwards 1857 X anceps (PaUas) X citrina (Esper) Pliyllogorgia ISIilne-Edwards 1850 P dilatata (Esper) Gorgonellidae Junceella ^'alenciennes 1855 J nom nov.) Scirpearia Cuvier 1817 S atlantica Toeplitz S barbadensis (Duchassaing S funiculina S grandiflora spec S & & (Duchassaing 198 199 200 201 201 201 202 202 204 antillarum Toeplitz (Toeplitzella IMichelotti) Michelotti) 204 205 206 206 208 210 211 nov 212 elongata (Pallas) 214 rrill) a 181 189 Rhipidogorgia Valenciennes 1855 R flabelhim (Linnaeus) IS 179 koreni (Studer) S exserta (Ellis & Solander) S CKAGE Page 180 L sanguinolenta (Pallas) L purpurea (Pallas) Swiftia Duchassaing 216 INSURED WITH THE 217 nov Insuranrr (Srnitp & 218 iRTFORD, CONNECTICUT isis of loss or 'plitz 220 Toeplitz 220 damage to the contents immedi- ihould be given to the shipper, ige is received by anyone other than the the shipper or the insurance (Duchassaing Michelotti) 220 ase advise WARNING livery of this parcel or any part of its con- investigated and the parlies responsible cuted to the full extent of the law ;kson 1904 223 nov 223 224 lly ing & Michelotti 1864 & Michelotti 225 226 Michelotti 1864 227 Duchassaing jrsluys 1902 ^ 226 ^Verrill) & Chrysogorgia Duchassaing C desbonni Duchassaing & Michelotti 228 C desbonni var thyrsiformis var nov 230 CONTENTS Page Villogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti 139 V nigrescens Duchassaing & Michelotti Placogorgia Wright & Studer 1889 140 141 P mirabilis spec nov 142 P tenuis (Verrill) 143 P rudis spec nov 144 Echinomuricea Verrill 1889 145 E atlantica (Johnson) Doubtful Forms Filigella 145 147 Gray 1868 147 147 F gracilis Gray) (Anthomuricea Wright & Studer 1887 148 A antillarum Aurivillius Acanthogorgiidae 148 148 Acanthogorgia Gray 1857 149 A armata Verrill 149 A aspera Pourtales A schrammi (Duchassaing 150 Primnoidae Primnoinae & 151 Michelotti) 153 155 Plumarella Gray 1870 155 156 P pourtalesii (Verrill) P pourtalesii var robusta var nov 156 Primnoa Lamouroux 1812 157 157 P resedaeformis (Gunnerus) Caligorgia Gray 1857 158 158 C gracilis (Milne-Edwards) C verticillata (Pallas) 159 162 Primnoella Gray 1857 P polita spec nov 162 163 P delicatissima Kiikenthal 164 Thouarella Gray 1870 T goesi (Aurivillius) 164 165 T aurea spec nov Callozostroninae Stenella S Gray 1870 imbricata (Johnson) Calyptrophorinae Narella Gray 1870 +-hfci N regularis (Duchassaing N laxa spec nov N pauciflora «*uji & Michelotti) l« iW^i^ UrvMv'fcnbii-t spec nov C trilepis (Pourtales) Gorgonia Linnaeus 1758 G hartti Verrill Leptogorgia Milne-Edwards 1857 L virgulata (Lamarck) L setacea (Pallas) tj ATHENS, QEOR^ Calyptrophora Gray 1866 Gorgoniidae Oh 175 177 178 PLATE 34 PLATE 34 CHRYSOGORGIIDAE Chrysogorgia agassizii Verrill Complete colonies, natural size ALCYONARIA: PLATE 34 "BLAKE" EXP A H VERRILL PHOTO 1-2 CHRYSOGORGIA AGASSIZII (VERRILL) COCKAYNE BOSTON PLATE 35 PLATE 35 CHRYSOGORGIIDAE Chrysogorgia deshonni Duchassaing Fig Michelotti Almost complete colony, enlarged Riisea paniculaia Duchassaing Fig & & Branches, enlarged Michelotti "BLAKE" EXP ALCYONARIA: PLATE 35 \j \ H l^f ?U44^irHi'^'ip^^'"C' A H VCRRILL PHOTO CHRYSOGORGIA DESBONNl DUCHASSAING AND MICHELOTTI RIISEA PANICULATA DUCHASSAING AND MICHELOTTI COCKAYNK BOSTON PLATE 36 PLATE 36 GORGONELLIDAE Nicella guadalupensis (Duchassaing Almost complete colony, less & Michelotti) than natural size "BLAKE" EXP A H ALCYONARIA: PLATE 36 VERHILL PHOTO MICELLA GUADALUPENSIS (DUCHASSAING AND MICHELOTTI) COCKAYNE, BOSTON PLATE 37 PLATE 37 GORGONELLIDAE Nicella obesa spec nov Fig Fig la Almost complete colony, natural Branches, enlarged size ALCYONARIA: PLATE 37 "BLAKE" EXP A H VERRILL, PHOTO NICELLA OBESA SPEC NOV COCKAYNE BOSTON ... Studer 1890 250 251 251 252 252 C aurantiaca Studer) 253 C capensis (Studer) 253 Order V Pennatulacea Echinoptilidae) 256 257 Renillidae Renilla 253 256 (Veretillidae R 237 239 Ceratoisidinae (Isidella... Verrill 149 A aspera Pourtales A schrammi (Duchassaing 150 Primnoidae Primnoinae & 151 Michelotti) 153 155 Plumarella Gray 1870 155 156 P pourtalesii (Verrill) P pourtalesii var robusta var nov 156... var nov Primnoa Lamouroux 1812 156 156 157 P resedaeformis (Gunnerus) Caligorgia Gray 1857 151 153 157 158 C gracilis (Milne-Edwards) 158 C verticillata (Pallas) 159 162 Primnoella Gray 1857