Exploring Microsoft Office 2013 Excel Comprehensive by Mary Anne Poatsy, Keith Mulbery, Jason Davidson Chapter Statistical Functions Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Objectives • • • • Use conditional math and statistical functions Calculate relative standing with statistical functions Measure central tendency Load the Analysis ToolPak Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Objectives • • Perform analysis using the Analysis ToolPak Perform analysis of variance (ANOVA) • Calculate COVARIANCE Create a histogram Copyright â 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions • • Statistical functions— perform calculations on the range specified in the arguments – SUM – AVERAGE – COUNT Conditional statistical functions— perform calculations based on a condition – SUMIF – AVERAGEIF – COUNTIF Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions • SUMIF—similar to SUM function – Calculates a sum of values in a range only for data meeting a specific condition – Has three arguments: range, criteria, and sum_range – Example: =SUMIF(C2:C13,“high school”,D2:D13) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions • AVERAGEIF—similar to AVERAGE function – Calculates the average of cells in a range only for data meeting a specific condition – Has three arguments: range, criteria, and average_range – Example: =AVERAGEIF(C2:C13,“high school”,D2:D13) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions • COUNTIF—similar to COUNT function – Calculates the number of cells in a range only for data meeting a specific condition – Has two arguments: range and criteria – Example: =COUNTIF(C2:C13,“high school”) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Using Conditional Math and Statistical Functions • Statistical functions (suffixed with an S) perform calculations based on multiple conditions – SUMIFS =SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria_ range2,criteria2, …) – AVERAGEIFS =AVERAGEIFS(average_range,criteria_range1,criteria1, criteria_range2,criteria2, …) – COUNTIFS =COUNTIFS(criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria_range2, criteria2, …) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall Calculating Relative Standing with Statistical Functions • • • RANK.EQ—identifies a value’s rank within a list of values RANK.AVG—identifies the rank of a value but assigns an average rank when identical values exist Both have two required arguments and one optional one: =RANK.EQ(number,ref,[order]) =RANK.AVG(number,ref,[order]) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 10 Measuring Central Tendency • • CORREL—helps determine the strength of a relationship between two variables – =CORREL(Array1,Array2) FREQUENCY—determines the frequency distribution of a dataset – =FREQUENCY(Data_array,Bins_array) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 20 Loading the Analysis ToolPak Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 21 Performing Analysis Using the Analysis ToolPak • • Analysis ToolPak offers 19 statistical tools Analysis ToolPak versus the corresponding function: – ToolPak generates a report – Function equivalent only returns values Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 22 Performing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) • • • ANOVA—statistical hypothesis test to determine if samples of data were taken from the same population ANOVA report—created using Analysis ToolPak Single-factor—most commonly used ANOVA option Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 23 Performing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 24 Performing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 25 Calculating COVARIANCE • Covariance—measure of how two sets of data vary simultaneously – Population: • COVARIANCE.P • COVARIANCE.S – Sample: Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 26 Calculating COVARIANCE Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 27 Creating a Histogram • • Histogram—visual display of tabulated frequencies – Requires bins to tabulate the data and returns a frequency distribution table Analysis ToolPak can be used to create Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 28 Creating a Histogram Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 29 Creating a Histogram Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 30 Summary • Excel has several conditional math and statistical functions • Excel functions can be used to determine relative standing • Excel functions can be used to measure central tendencies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 31 Summary • Excel’s Analysis ToolPak contains a wide variety of analysis tools • Some of the ToolPak tools include: – ANOVA – COVARIANCE – Generation of histograms Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 32 Questions Click to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 33 Copyright All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher Printed in the United States of America Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 34