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Onthionline.net CLAUSES OF CONCESSION (Mệnh Đề Chỉ Sự Nhượng Bộ) Mệnh đề trạng ngữ nhượng thường giới thiệu bằng: although, though, even though, even if Although / Though / Even though / Even + S + V, S + V Eg: a) Although / though / Even though / Even if he tried very hard, he couldn’t lift the box up b) He was lazy He passed the test -> Although he was lazy, he passed the test c) We had a picnic The weather was bad -> We had a picnic though the weather was bad Mệnh đề nhượng rút gọn thành cụm từ nhượng giới từ : despite , in spite of + noun phrase Despite / In spite of + V.ing + the fact that + S + V Eg: - Despite/Inspite of her sadness, she managed to smiled - Despite/In spite of being sad, she managed to smile - We had a picnic in spite of the bad weather * Khi hai mệnh đề chủ ngữ ta chuyển mệnh dạng V.ing III- THE WAYS OF CHANGING A CLAUSE TO A PHRASE (cách đổi mệnh đề thành cụm từ) 1- Mệnh đề có chủ từ đại từ (Pronoun) + be + adj đổi sang cụm từ ta bỏ BE, đổi chủ từ thành tính từ sở hữu (possessive adj), đổi tính từ thành danh từ Subject (pronoun) + be + adj Possessive adj + noun Ex1: Although he was lazy, he passed the test  Despite his laziness, he passed the test Ex2: Though she was poor, she lived a happy life  Despite her poverty, she lived a happy life 2- Mệnh đề cú chủ từ danh từ (noun) + be + adj chuyển sang cụm từ ta bỏ “Be”, đổi chủ từ thành sở hữu cỏch (possessive case), đổi tớnh từ thành danh từ Subject (noun) + be + adj possessive case + noun Onthionline.net Ex: The car didn’t crash though the driver was careless The car didn’t crash despite the driver’s carelessness 3- Mệnh đề cú chủ từ + V(ordinary) chuyển sang cụm từ ta bỏ chủ từ đổi động từ sang dạng V-ing Subject + V(ordinary) V-ing Ex: Though he studied hard, he didn’t passed the test In spite of studying hard, he didn’t passed the test 4- Mệnh đề cú There be + noun, chuyển sang cụm từ ta bỏ there be Ex: There + be + Noun -> + x Noun Although there were many people there, they couldn’t rescue him Despite many people there, they couldn’t rescue him Exercise 1: Choose the best answer to complete these sentences _ he likes chocolate, he tries not to eat it A As B Though C Since D Despite He is a very intelligent boy, _he is very lazy A but B and C or D so _I moved house, I haven’t had much contact with those friends A though B since C because of D so that Last night we came to the show late _the traffic was terrible A although B despite C and D because Lan couldn’t pass the exam _she was too lazy A because B because of C although D in spite of _ his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday A because B because of C despite D so _there is a lot of noise in the city, I prefer living there A despite B in spite of C becacuse of D though _ the weather, we went sailing A despite B in spite of C although D A and B _Hudson led early, he lost the race A though B although C eventhough D all are correct 10 In spite of not speaking French, Mike decided to settle in Paris A Eventhough Mike didn’t speak French, but he decided to settle in Paris B Mike decided to settle in Paris despite he didn’t speak French C Mike decided to settle in Paris though the fact that not speaking French D Although Mike didn’t speak French; he decided to settle in Paris 11 Mr Ba was late for the meeting though he took a taxi Onthionline.net A Even though taking a taxi, Mr Ba was late for the meeting B In spite of taking a taxi, but Mr Ba was late for the meeting C Mr Ba was late for the meeting despite the fact he took a taxi D Mr Ba was late for the meeting although having taken a taxi 12 We camt to the meeting on time though the traffic was heavy A Despite the traffic was heavy; we came to the meeting on time B In spite of the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time C Even though the heavy traffic, we came to the meeting on time D Although the traffic was heavy, but we came to the meeting on time 13 Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert A Bill arrived late for the concert whether he took a taxi or not B Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi C In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert D Bill took a taxi to the concert, but he couldn’t catch it 14 Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car A She doesn’t have enough money to buy the car she likes B Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car C The car is too expensive for her to buy D She wants to buy the car but it costs a lot 15 Although Sue felt tired, she stayed up late talking to Jill A Despite feeling tired, Sue stayed up late talking to Jill B In spite feeling tired, Sue stayed up late talking to Jill C Sue wouldn’t feel tired despite staying up late talking to Jill D Sue stayed up late talking to Jill As a result, she was tired 16 Even though Trung had a bad cold, he went to the concert A In spite of his bad cold, Trung went to the concert B Trung had a bad cold because he went to the concert C Trung went to the concert despite having a bad cold D Trung had a bad cold However, he went to the concert 17 _it was raining heavily he went out without a raincoat A In spite B In spite of C However D Although 18 _he wasn’t feeling very well; Mr Graham went to visit his aunt as usual A Although B However C Therefore D Still 19 He was offered the job his qualifications were poor A despite B in spite of C even though D Whereas 19 we were in town, we often met him A For B Although C So D When 20 She didn’t get the job she had all the necessary qualifications A because B although C so D but 21 I could not eat I was very hungry A even though B in spite C despite D in spite the fact that 22 In pite _, the baseball game was not cancelled A the rain B of the rain C it was raining D there was a rain 23 he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car A In spite B In spite of C Despite D Although 24 , he walked to the station A Despite being tired B Although to be tired C In spite being tired D Despite tired Onthionline.net 25 The children slept well, despite _ A it was noise B the noise C of the noise D noisy 26 She left him she still loved him A even if B even though C in spite of D despite 27 _ her lack of hard work, she was promoted A In spite B Even though C in spite of D despite of 28 _ they are brothers, they not look like A Although B Even C Despite D In spite of 29 We are concerned with the problem of energy resouces we must also think of our environment A despite B though C as though D but 30 some Japanese women are successful in business, the majority of Japanese companies are run by men A But B Even if C If D As though Exercise 2: Combine these sentences using: though, although, even though Lion dancing is very popular in Viet Nam My friend Anny does not enjoy it => Bob always walks to work He is living in the city => My house is near the beach I rarely go swimming => My brother is working in Ha Noi He comes home on every public holiday => Paul is an Australian, he enjoys Vietnamese New year => Most children go to see the firework show, Linh and Mai stay home watching TV => Nick used to smoke He seems to be in good health => I couldn’t sleep I was tired => Henry’s friend is a millionaire He hates spending money => 10 We couldn’t get tickets We queued for an hour => Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words in parentheses She has plenty of money, but she is very mean (although) => They have a car, but they rarely use it (though) => He was innocent, but he was sent to prison (although) => He has a number of relatives living nearby, but he never visits them (even though) => She never takes any kind of exercise, but she is quite fit and healthy (even though) => 6.The keyboard wasn’t working well She tried to finish the letter (although) => Onthionline.net 7.The forecast said it would rain It turned out to be a beautiful day (although) => 8.I’m no better I’ve taken the bill (even though) => The traffic was bad I arrived at the airport on time (though) => 10 I didn’t get the job I had all necessary qualifications (though) => 11 We enjoyed the vacation It rained a lot (although) => 12 She felt sick She went to work (though) => 13 I was really tired I couldn’t sleep (even though) => 14 He is very rich He isn’t happy (although) => 15 She couldn’t answer the question She is very intelligent (though) => 16 He tried He was not successful (though) => 17 His life is hard He determined to study well (although) => 18 He was wise and experienced He was not taken in (though) => Exercise 4: Rewrite the sentences with the word given Although he has a very important job, he isn’t particularly well-paid =>In spite of Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph => Despite She wasn’t wearing the coat although it was quite cold =>In spite of We thought we’d better invite them to the party although we don’t like them very much => Despite Although I didn’t speak the language, I managed to make myself understand =>In spite of Although the heat was on, the room wasn’t warm => Despite I didn’t recognize her although I’d met her twice before =>In spite of We’re not very good friends although we’ve known each other a long time => Despite Although Minh was ill, he still came to the meeting =>In spite of 10 Although he promised that he wouldn’t be late, he didn’t arrive until o’clock => Despite 11 Although the salary was low, he accepted the job => Despite 12 In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends Onthionline.net => Though 13 In spite of the bad weather, they went out for dinner => Although 14 In spite of his age, he still leads an active life => Even though 15 In spite of his hard work, Ba he failed his exam => Though 16 In spite of the heavy rain, we decided to go to see the match => Although 17 Although they lost, the home team played very well => Despite 18 Even though it was raining, I still went to school on time =>In spite of 19 Although she isn’t brilliant, she studies quite well => Despite 20 She isn’t brilliant but she studies quite well => Although 21 The house isn’t nice, but I like the garden => Even though 22 It was raining, but we went out => Though 23 Everyone likes Bob even though he talkative => Even though 24 Though I had an umbrella, I got very wet in the rain => Though 25 We enjoyed the vacation although it rained a lot => In spite of 26 Although she doesn’t earn much money, she spends like a millionaire => Despite 27 Tom will not pass the examination although he studies well => In spite of 28 He is still fat though he has been on a diet for years => In spite of 29 Although his English was good, he wasn’t chosen => However 30 Although Judy was severely disabled, she participated in many sports => Despite 31 It doesn’t matter how hard she tries, she never beat Sue at tennis => However 32 No matter what he says, nobody believes him => Whatever 33 He always woke up early no matter how late he had gone to bed => However 34 Melissa’s father was very busy, but he still played with her => Busy 35 She didn’t eat much though she was hungry =>In spite of 36 Although he had much experience in machinery, he didn’t succeed in repairing this machine Onthionline.net => Despite 37 We did the test well though it was difficult =>In spite of 38 Although he is strong, I’m not afraid of him => Despite ... B Mike decided to settle in Paris despite he didn’t speak French C Mike decided to settle in Paris though the fact that not speaking French D Although Mike didn’t speak French; he decided to... early, he lost the race A though B although C eventhough D all are correct 10 In spite of not speaking French, Mike decided to settle in Paris A Eventhough Mike didn’t speak French, but he decided... of C Despite D Although 24 , he walked to the station A Despite being tired B Although to be tired C In spite being tired D Despite tired Onthionline.net 25 The children slept well, despite