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Lý thuyết và bài tập thực hành về sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ trong tiếng Anh. Có đáp án kèm theo, được chia làm 2 phần: for student và for teacher. Phù hợp cho học sinh ôn thi tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông và ôn thi tuyển sinh đại học cao đẳng
For the students SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT I.Trong câu khẳng định phủ định CHỦ NGỮ đứngTRƯỚC ĐỘNG TỪ Chủ ngữ số > động từ chia dạng số Chủ ngữ số nhiều > động từ chia dạng số nhiều The secretary ……………………… to work at a.m every day A come B comes C coming The secretaries ……………………… to work at a.m every day A come B comes C coming D came D came II Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N1 (noun) N1 (or Pronoun 1) + …………… along with + N2 (pronoun 2) + V with as well as of / in (giới từ) Mr Brown, along with his wife and six children, ……………………… going to Paris A is B are C were D be Mrs Pike with her children ………………………… coming to the party tonight A were B are C was D is My parents as well as my brother ………………… watching TV A be B is C are D am The picture of the pupils ……………………… back many memories A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing The effects of smoking ……………………… very harmful A are B is C has been D was III Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N2 (noun) Either ……………… Neither Not only + N1 (Pronoun 1) + or + + + + nor but also + N2 (pronoun 2) + V+ Neither Tom nor his parents ……………………… at home yesterday morning A was B were C is D are Either you or I ………………………………… wrong A are B is C am D be Not only David but also his friends ……………………… playing football A enjoy B enjoys C has enjoyed D to enjoy VI Động từ chia dạng số nhiều chủ ngữ cụm từ sau: N1 (pronoun 1) + and + ……………… Both of + Pl N (pronoun) ………………… N2 (pronoun 2)+ V (số nhiều) + V (số nhiều) Mrs Brown and her daughter …………………… flying to Paris tomorrow A was B is C are Both of her brothers ………………………… in the sugar factory A work B has worked C was working D were D is working VII Động từ chia dạng số chủ ngữ cụm từ sau: Every + N +V (số ít) …………………………………… Each of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) Either of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) V-ING + V (số ít) V-ING phrase +V (số ít) Everything …………………………… all right A is B are C be Each of you ……………………… a textbook A have B has C are having Either of the books I bought yesterday …………………… very interesting A am B is C are Swimming ……………………… very useful to our health A be B am C is VIII Động từ dạng số chủ ngữ từ: D have been D is having D were D are News, physics, mathematics, economics, politics, mumps, measles, statistics, the United Nations, the United States … There ………………… very interesting news on TV last night A is B are C was D were Mathematics …………………… to interest him A seem B have seemed C seems D are seeming IX Khi ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ (Relative pronouns) WHO, WHICH, THAT làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia dạng số số nhiều phụ thuộc vào tiền vị tự The students who ………………… to class every day generally progress rapidly A come B comes C has come D is coming The student who ………………… to class every day generally progresses rapidly A are coming B comes C come D have come X Khi chủ ngữ cụm từ A NUMBER OF / THE NUMBER OF: A number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số nhiều) The number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số ít) A large number of people …………………… to the meeting A have come B has come C comes D is coming The number of students attending universities ………………… increasing A am B is C are D be XI Khi chủ ngữ mệnh đề động từ dạng số What you've told me is interesting XII More than one + Noun (số ít) + V (số ít) More than one person has known the news XIII Many a + Noun (số ít) V (số ít) Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs XIV Khi chủ ngữ cụm từ số tiền, khoảng thời gian, quãng đường động từ dạng SỐ ÍT A thousand dollars is a large sum of money Twenty years is a long period of time Fifty miles is not a short distance -o0o PRACTICE Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct simple present tense Most of the people here ………… each other (know) Some of my friends ………… abroad (live) Children ……… ice- cream (like) All of us ………… he is wrong (think) Marie ………… a red car (have) Fax machines …………… written messages (transmit) Experience ………… talent (develop) Having time to paint often ………… having a good time.(mean) That he has angered the boss …………… the workers (please) 10 Trusting people …………… faith (require) 11 Both of these oranges ………… bad (be) 12 None of us …………… French (speak) 13 Every one of the children ………… crying (be) 14 Not one of my shirts ………… clean (be) 15 Everything I like ………… not available in the shops (be) 16 I find that everywhere ………… booked up (be) 17 Two hours ………… not enough to finish this (be) 18 John, along with twenty friends, ……… planning a party (be) 19 The quality of these recordings ……… not very good (be) 20 If the duties of the officer ……… not reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project (be) 21 Advertisements on television ……… becoming more competitive than before (be) 22 The television news ……… at ten o'clock (be) 23 Physics ………… to interest Mary (seem) 24 Neither Bill nor his friends ………… going to the play tonight (be) 25 Anything ………… better than going to another movie tonight (be) 26 Everybody who ……… a fever must go home immediately (have) 27 None of the officers ……… allowed to have guns (be) 28 One of our jobs ………… to help prevent crime (be) 29 Either John or his wife ……… breakfast each morning (make) 30 The number of students who ……… (have) withdrawn from this quarter ……… (be) appalling Exercise 2: Choose the answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence Neither Tom nor I …………………… mathematics We prefer English A likes B like C liked D are liking No news …………………… good news A is B are C have been D were The effects of smoking ………………… very harmful A are B is C had been D was The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, ……………………… sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday A was B were C are D have been Ten thousand dollars ……………………… a large sum of money A are B is C were D being Not only Mrs Brown's friends but also her husband ………… at her strange behaviour since last week A wonders B have wondered C has wondered D wonder I as well as my brother …………………… to our hometown for ten years A does not return B not return C has not returned D have not returned Either you or I ……………………… John up when he …………………… tomorrow A have picked / will arrive B am going to pick / arrives C are going to pick / arrives D picked / arrived The bottles of wine ………………………… on the shelf A is B are C was D has put 10 Doing mathematic puzzles …………………………… very interesting to me A were B have been C are D is 11 The pair of shoes which he wore at the party last week ………………………… new A is B are C was D were 12 We, along with Tim, …………………… to go to London this summer A have just decided B has just decided C decides D is deciding 13 We have just learnt statistics, …………… a subject of collection of information shown in numbers A which are B which is C that have been D have been 14 These are Tom's sisters who …………………… in London A live B lives C is living D has been living 15 If the duties of this officer …………… reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project A aren't B isn't C doesn't D hasn't 16 My parents as well as my brother ………………… watching TV A be B is C are D am 17 The picture of the pupils ……………………… back many memories A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing 18 Either you or I ………………………………… wrong A are B is C am D be 19 Not only David but also his friends ……………………… playing football A enjoy B enjoys C has enjoyed D to enjoy 20 Everything …………………………… all right A is B are C be D have been 21 Each of you ……………………… a textbook A have B has C are having D is having 22 Either of the books I bought yesterday …………………… very interesting A am B is C are D were 23 There ………………… very interesting news on TV last night A is B are C was D were 24 Mathematics …………………… to interest him A seem B have seemed C seems D are seeming 25 The student who ………………… to class every day generally progresses rapidly A are coming B comes C come D have come 26 Working for 12 hours a day …………………… her very tired A makes B to make C make D making 27 Both Mary and Daisy, as well as John, ……………… ready for the exam tomorrow A is B was C are D are to 28 Either you or Tom …………………… to write the report A has B have C A and B are correct D A and B are incorrect 29 Mary's brothers ………………………… for a construction company A works B work C has worked D are worked 30 Knowing your skills and your strengths …………… an important part of the job search process A were B are C is D being For the teacher SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT I.Trong câu khẳng định phủ định CHỦ NGỮ đứngTRƯỚC ĐỘNG TỪ Chủ ngữ số > động từ chia dạng số Chủ ngữ số nhiều > động từ chia dạng số nhiều The secretary ……………………… to work at a.m every day A come B comes C coming The secretaries ……………………… to work at a.m every day A come B comes C coming D came D came II Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N1 (noun) N1 (or Pronoun 1) + …………… along with + N2 (pronoun 2) + V with as well as of / in (giới từ) Mr Brown, along with his wife and six children, ……………………… going to Paris A is B are C were D be Mrs Pike with her children ………………………… coming to the party tonight A were B are C was D is My parents as well as my brother ………………… watching TV A be B is C are D am The picture of the pupils ……………………… back many memories A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing The effects of smoking ……………………… very harmful A are B is C has been D was III Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N2 (noun) Either ……………… Neither Not only + N1 (Pronoun 1) + or + + + + nor but also + N2 (pronoun 2) + V+ Neither Tom nor his parents ……………………… at home yesterday morning A was B were C is D are Either you or I ………………………………… wrong A are B is C am D be Not only David but also his friends ……………………… playing football A enjoy B enjoys C has enjoyed D to enjoy VI Động từ chia dạng số nhiều chủ ngữ cụm từ sau: N1 (pronoun 1) + and + ……………… Both of + Pl N (pronoun) ………………… N2 (pronoun 2)+ V (số nhiều) + V (số nhiều) Mrs Brown and her daughter …………………… flying to Paris tomorrow A was B is C are Both of her brothers ………………………… in the sugar factory A work B has worked C was working VII Động từ chia dạng số chủ ngữ cụm từ sau: Every + N +V (số ít) …………………………………… Each of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) Either of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) V-ING + V (số ít) V-ING phrase +V (số ít) Everything …………………………… all right A is B are C be Each of you ……………………… a textbook A have B has C are having Either of the books I bought yesterday …………………… very interesting A am B is C are Swimming ……………………… very useful to our health A be B am C is VIII Động từ dạng số chủ ngữ từ: D were D is working D have been D is having D were D are News, physics, mathematics, economics, politics, mumps, measles, statistics, the United Nations, the United States … There ………………… very interesting news on TV last night A is B are C was D were Mathematics …………………… to interest him A seem B have seemed C seems D are seeming IX Khi ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ (Relative pronouns) WHO, WHICH, THAT làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia dạng số số nhiều phụ thuộc vào tiền vị tự The students who ………………… to class every day generally progress rapidly A come B comes C has come D is coming The student who ………………… to class every day generally progresses rapidly A are coming B comes C come D have come X Khi chủ ngữ cụm từ A NUMBER OF / THE NUMBER OF: A number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số nhiều) The number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số ít) A large number of people …………………… to the meeting A have come B has come C comes D is coming The number of students attending universities ………………… increasing A am B is C are D be XI Khi chủ ngữ mệnh đề động từ dạng số What you've told me is interesting XII More than one + Noun (số ít) + V (số ít) More than one person has known the news XIII Many a + Noun (số ít) V (số ít) Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs XIV Khi chủ ngữ cụm từ số tiền, khoảng thời gian, quãng đường động từ dạng SỐ ÍT A thousand dollars is a large sum of money Twenty years is a long period of time Fifty miles is not a short distance -o0o PRACTICE Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct simple present tense Most of the people here ………… each other (know) (know) Some of my friends ………… abroad (live) (live) Children ……… ice- cream (like) All of us ………… he is wrong (think) Marie ………… a red car (have) (has) Fax machines …………… written messages (transmit) Experience ………… talent (develop) (develops) Having time to paint often ………… having a good time.(mean) (means) That he has angered the boss …………… the workers (please) (pleases) 10 Trusting people …………… faith (require) (requires) 11 Both of these oranges ………… bad (be) (are) 12 None of us …………… French (speak) (speaks) 13 Every one of the children ………… crying (be) (is) 14 Not one of my shirts ………… clean (be) (is) 15 Everything I like ………… not available in the shops (be) (is) 16 I find that everywhere ………… booked up (be) (is) 17 Two hours ………… not enough to finish this (be) (is) 18 John, along with twenty friends, ……… planning a party (be) (is) 19 The quality of these recordings ……… not very good (be) (is) 20 If the duties of the officer … not reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project (be) (are) 21 Advertisements on television ……… becoming more competitive than before (be) (are) 22 The television news ……… at ten o'clock (be) (is) 23 Physics ………… to interest Mary (seem) (seems) 24 Neither Bill nor his friends ………… going to the play tonight (be) (are) 25 Anything ………… better than going to another movie tonight (be) (is) 26 Everybody who ……… a fever must go home immediately (have) (has) 27 None of the officers ……… allowed to have guns (be) (is) 28 One of our jobs ………… to help prevent crime (be) (is) 29 Either John or his wife ……… breakfast each morning (make) (makes) 30 The number of students who …… (have) withdrawn from this quarter …… (be) appalling (have/is) Exercise 2: Choose the answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence Neither Tom nor I …………………… mathematics We prefer English A likes B like C liked D are liking No news …………………… good news A is B are C have been D were The effects of smoking ………………… very harmful A are B is C had been D was The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, ……………………… sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday A was B were C are D have been Ten thousand dollars ……………………… a large sum of money A are B is C were D being Not only Mrs Brown's friends but also her husband ………… at her strange behaviour since last week A wonders B have wondered C has wondered D wonder I as well as my brother …………………… to our hometown for ten years A does not return B not return C has not returned D have not returned Either you or I ……………………… John up when he …………………… tomorrow A have picked / will arrive B am going to pick / arrives C are going to pick / arrives D picked / arrived The bottles of wine ………………………… on the shelf A is B are C was D has put 10 Doing mathematic puzzles …………………………… very interesting to me A were B have been C are D is 11 The pair of shoes which he wore at the party last week ………………………… new A is being B are C was D were 12 We, along with Tim, …………………… to go to London this summer A have just decided B has just decided C decides D is deciding 13 We have just learnt statistics, …………… a subject of collection of information shown in numbers A which are B which is C that have been D have been 14 These are Tom's sisters who …………………… in London A live B lives C is living D has been living 15 If the duties of this officer …………… reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project A aren't B isn't C doesn't D hasn't 16 My parents as well as my brother ………………… watching TV A be B is C are D am 17 The picture of the pupils ……………………… back many memories A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing 18 Either you or I ………………………………… wrong A are B is C am D be 19 Not only David but also his friends ……………………… playing football A enjoy B enjoys C has enjoyed D to enjoy 20 Everything …………………………… all right A is B are C be D have been 21 Each of you ……………………… a textbook A have B has C are having D is having 22 Either of the books I bought yesterday …………………… very interesting A am B is C are D were 23 There ………………… very interesting news on TV last night A is B are C was D were 24 Mathematics …………………… to interest him A seem B have seemed C seems D are seeming 25 The student who ………………… to class every day generally progresses rapidly A are coming B comes C come D have come 26 Working for 12 hours a day …………………… her very tired A makes B to make C make D making 27 Both Mary and Daisy, as well as John, ……………… ready for the exam tomorrow A is B was C are D are to 28 Either you or Tom …………………… to write the report A has B have C A and B are correct D A and B are incorrect 29 Mary's brothers ………………………… for a construction company A works B work C has worked D are worked 30 Knowing your skills and your strengths …………… an important part of the job search process A were B are C is D being For the students TENSES MỘT SỐ DẤU HIỆU DÙNG THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ Thì khứ đơn thường dùng với cụm từ cấu trúc sau: yesterday yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year…) a week ago, years ago … in 1990 S + would (could/might) + V ………………… if + S + V (Past simple) ……………… - Dùng câu ước tại: S + wish + S + V (Past simple) ……………………… Thì hoàn thành thường dùng với cụm từ cấu trúc sau: already yet just, recently… so far, up to now, to date since + điểm thời gian ( since last week, since 1990) Subject + Verb (Present perfect) …………… since + Subject + Verb (Past simple) ……… During (for, in) + the last (the past) + số lượng thời gian (for the two last weeks) a She ………………………… the film yet A hasn't seen B hadn't seen C will not have seen D doesn't see b He is a writer Up to now he ………………………… 10 novels A writes B wrote C has written D had written c My friend …………………………… here since 1985 A lives B live C have lived D has lived d It …………………………………………… for the last five days A rain B rains C has rained D have rain Thì khứ hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy trước, hoàn thành xong trước hành động khác khứ - Hành động xảy trước điểm thời gian xác định khứ -Dùng câu điều kiện loại 3: S + would (could …) have + P.P ………………, if + S + V (Past perfect) ……………… - Dùng câu ước khứ: S + wish + S + V (Past perfect) ……………………… - Dùng cấu trúc: S + V (Past perfect) ………………… by the time + S + V(Past simple) ………………… a We didn't meet Tom because he ………………… when we got there A leaves B left C has left D had left b He …………………… his work before p.m yesterday A finish B finishes C had finished D has finished c If we ………………… to the cinema earlier, we wouldn't have missed the start of the film A had gone B went C have gone D go d He wishes he …………………… his holidays last year A spends B had spent C has spent D spent e They …………………… by the time we came A had finished working B finish their work C finished working D have finished their work Thì tương lai hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy trước, hoàn thành xong trước hành động khác tương lai - Hành động xảy trước điểm thời gian xác định tương lai - Dùng cấu trúc: S + V (future perfect) ………………… by the time + S + V(Present simple) ………………… by the time (by + điểm thời gian) a She …………………………… high school before I arrive in London next year A leaves B left C has left D will have left b We ……………………………… our report before p.m tomorrow A has finished B had finished C will have finished D finish c Her father ……………………………… in this company for 10 years by the end of the year A works B have worked C has worked D will have worked d By the time you receive this letter, I ……………………………… for Japan A has left B had left C will have left D leave NOTES: Không dùng tương lai mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian Subject + Verb +……………………… when tương lai) …………… whenever before after since as / as soon as while till / until just as by the time no sooner ……… than + Subject + Verb (không dùng Wait here until I ………………………… you A will call B call C shall call D am going to call What will you when you ……………………………… school? A will have leftB will leave C are going to leave D leave By the time you ……………………… this book, your meal will get cold A will have read B read C have read D are going to read I'm going to stay here till my brother ……………………………… his exams A will have finished B will finish C is finishing D have finished He said he would give me a ring as soon as he ………………………… Paris A will reach B would reach C reaches D reached o0o - PRACTICE Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense forms My uncle (leave) the country before the war (begin) If it (rain) tomorrow, we won't go camping 3 It is the most expensive coat that she (ever/buy) We (wait) for our teacher since o'clock I don't smoke while I (drive) a car After I (enter) the house, it (begin) to rain He is tired because he (drive) all day How long (you wait) for this answer? In the year 2010 our living conditions (be) much better 10 We don't know when the manager (return) 11 We received her letter after she (move) to a new house 12 This time next week they (fly) to France 13 We stopped for a rest after we (walk) for two hours 14 The old lady (fall) as she (get) into the bus 15 While I (write) a letter, the telephone rang 16 By the end of this year her father (work) in this company for ten years 17 Every three or four years they (make) much longer migrations in large numbers 18 "When did you come here?" - "I (be) here since last Sunday" 19 How many pages (you study) so far? 20 He (be) able to drive since he was eighteen 21 It's the first time I (see) that man here 22 He (not finish) the work that he was assigned to 23 As I (run) to the station I (meet) the Browns 24 It is two hours since Mary (ring) the phone 25 They flew to the island, then (hire) a car for three hours and (visit) most places of interest 26 When he heard the terrible noise, he asked me what (go) on 28 Take this road and you (arrive) at the hotel in five minutes 28 Bill is phoning his girlfriend again That's the third time he (phone) her this evening 29 The child screamed while the dentist (pull) out his tooth 30 Until you learn to relax more, you (not improve) your ability to speak English Exercise 3: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences Margaret as well Jane ………………………………… here since last week A has been B was C were D have been I …………………… to work when I had a puncture A shall drive B am driving C drove D was driving He ……………………… in London at this every moment A will study B studies C is studying D has been studying Before taking another degree in mathematics, Marie Curie ………………………… a physics degree A earned B had earned C was earning D has earned In 1660, Isaac Newton ………………………… to Cambridge University A went B goes C had gone D has gone He died on March 20, 1772 and …………………………… in Westminster Abby A buried B has buried C was buried D had buried I …………………… to England two years ago A go B had gone C was going D went Shakespeare ………………………… Hamlet at the end of the sixteenth century A write B wrote C had written D was written I was very nervous about my new job because I …………………… with computers before A never worked B worked never C had never worked D never had worked 10 She ……………… delighted She had passed all her exams A had been B was C had D is 11 I ……………………… the village because I had been there before A had recognized B recognize C recognized D have recognized 12 In the early 20th century, Marie ……… the first woman to receive a PhD from the Sorbonne A had become B has become C became D becomes 13 Marie and Pierre ……………………… one year after they met each other in the school of Physics A got married B married C had married D had got married 14 Before Pierre Curie died tragically, he …………………… a position as a university professor A obtained B had obtained C has obtained D obtains 15 Our Uncle Ho …………… to many countries before the August Revolution which took place in 1945 A travelled B has travelled C travels D had travelled 16 Before my brother …………………… the university, he had served in the army for years A entered B had entered C enter D was entering 17 When they met again, they ……………………… each other for years A haven't seen B didn't see C hadn't seen D had seen 18 When the police came, the thief …………………………………… A had already left B leave alreadyC has already left D was already leaving 19 Peter no longer owned a bike He ……………………… it A sold B had sold C sells D has sold 20 The guide ……………………… us tickets for a film But my husband had already seen it A offer B has offered C offered D had offered 23 This is the first time I ………………………… the experiment on plant breeding A have done B C would D did 24 "When did you first meet your present wife?" " I ……………………… her until we ……………… both nearly forty." A has not met / were C didn't meet / were C hadn't met / were D hadn't met / had been 25 How long ……………………… here by the end of next year? A will you work B you will have worked C are you working D will you have worked 26 Eleven houses ……………………………… in my village this year A had just been sold B have just sold C has just been sold D have just been sold 27 He …………………… walking for several hours and was very tired A is B has been C was D had been 28 I'll come as soon as I ……………………… my work A finished B would finish C will finish D have finished 29 She has typed ten letters …………………………………………… A yesterday B today C tomorrow D every day 30 It ………………………… every day so far this week A has rained B is raining C rained D rains 31 My sister, who …………… in the USA for the last three years, is returning to Bangkok next month A lived B had lived C has been living D had been living 32 Up to now, many beautiful buildings ………………………… in the town A were built B have been built C built D had built 33 When I met Tom yesterday, it was the first time I ………………… him since Christmas A had seen B have seen C saw D see 34 She thanked him for everything he ……………………………… A does B did C has done D had done 35 Tom was exhausted after he ……………………………… for ten hours yesterday A had worked B worked C has worked D was working 36 She asked him how long he ……………………… in Hanoi A lives B has lived C lived D had lived 37 Mary said that her father ……………………… a new car A has just bought B had just bought C will buy D just bought 38 There ……………………………… no rain since last month A is B has been C was D be 39 Please lock the door when you …………………………………… A will have leftB will leave C leave D left 40 When the police arrived, he ………………………… in the cafe having a drink A sat B sits C was sitting D have sat 41 By the time they got to the airport, the plane……………………………… A took off B takes off C has taken off D had taken off 42 By the time you get back, we ………………………… the work A will already finish B had already finished C already finish D will have already finished 43 She ………………………… the film yet A hasn't seen B hadnt seen C will not have seen D doesn't see 44 He is a writer Up to now he ………………………… 10 novels A writes B wrote C has written D had written 45 My friend …………………………… here since 1985 A lives B live C have lived D has lived 46 It …………………………………………… for the last five days A rain B rains C has rained D have rain 47 We didn't meet Tom because he ………………… when we got there A leaves B left C has left D had left 48 He …………………… his work before p.m yesterday A finish B finishes C had finished D has finished 49 If we ………………… to the cinema earlier, we wouldn't have missed the start of the film A had gone B went C have gone D go 50 He wishes he …………………… his holidays last year A spends B had spent C has spent D spent 51 They …………………… by the time we came A had finished working B finish their work C finished working D have finished their work 52 She …………………………… high school before I arrive in London next year A leaves B left C has left D will have left 53 We ……………………………… our report before p.m tomorrow A has finished B had finished C will have finished D finish 54 Her father ……………………………… in this company for 10 years by the end of the year A works B have worked C has worked D will have worked 55 By the time you receive this letter, I ……………………………… for Japan A has left B had left C will have left D leave 56 Wait here until I ………………………… you A will call B call C shall call D am going to call 57 What will you when you ……………………………… school? A will have leftB will leave C are going to leave D leave 58 By the time you ……………………… this book, your meal will get cold A will have read B read C have read D are going to read 59 I'm going to stay here till my brother ……………………………… his exams A will have finished B will finish C is finishing D has finished 60 He said he would give me a ring as soon as he ………………………… Paris A will reach B would reach C reaches D reached 61 I …………………………………… in class at this time yesterday A sat B was sitting C sit D am sitting 62 I couldn't answer your phone because I …………………………………… a bath at that time A have B had C will have D was having 63 My cousin and I …………… a film on TV when my brother ……… yesterday afternoon He ……… the end of the film with us A watched/came/was watching B was watching/comes/watched B watched/was coming/ watched D were watching/came/watched 64 ……………………………………… when you last met him? A Where did he live B Where was he living C Where is he living D Where does he live 65 He ……………………… to London two years ago A go B goes C went D was going 66 She …………………………… in Rome when she was a little girl A lives B lived C live D was living 67 The man came to the door, ……………… it, …………… the room and ……………………… to bed A unlocks / enters / goes B unlocked / entered / gone C unlocks / entered / gone D unlocked / entered / went 68 I wish I ………………………… a better memory A will have B have C was having D had 69 If he …………………………… too quickly, he wouldn't make so many mistakes A doesn't work B didn't work C wasn't working D won't work 70 She …………………… a cake when the light ……………… So she had to finish it in the dark A was making / went out B made / was going out C was making / was going out D made / went out 71 When I …………………for my passport I …………………… this old photograph A was looking / found B was looking / was finding C looked / was finding D looked / found 72 If you leave before 10 o'clock, you …………………………… the train easily A catch B caught C will catch D catches 73 You don't need your umbrella today I don't think it ………………………………… A rains B rain C is raining D will rain For the teacher TENSES MỘT SỐ DẤU HIỆU DÙNG THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ Thì khứ đơn thường dùng với cụm từ cấu trúc sau: yesterday yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year…) a week ago, years ago … in 1990 S + would (could/might) + V ………………… if + S + V (Past simple) ……………… - Dùng câu ước tại: S + wish + S + V (Past simple) ……………………… Thì hoàn thành thường dùng với cụm từ cấu trúc sau: already yet just, recently… so far, up to now, to date since + điểm thời gian ( since last week, since 1990) Subject + Verb (Present perfect) …………… since + Subject + Verb (Past simple) ……… During (for, in) + the last (the past) + số lượng thời gian (for the two last weeks) a She ………………………… the film yet A hasn't seen B hadn't seen C will not have seen D doesn't see b He is a writer Up to now he ………………………… 10 novels A writes B wrote C has written D had written c My friend …………………………… here since 1985 A lives B live C have lived D has lived d It …………………………………………… for the last five days A rain B rains C has rained D have rain Thì khứ hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy trước, hoàn thành xong trước hành động khác khứ - Hành động xảy trước điểm thời gian xác định khứ -Dùng câu điều kiện loại 3: S + would (could …) have + P.P ………………, if + S + V (Past perfect) ……………… - Dùng câu ước khứ: S + wish + S + V (Past perfect) ……………………… - Dùng cấu trúc: S + V (Past perfect) ………………… by the time + S + V(Past simple) ………………… a We didn't meet Tom because he ………………… when we got there A leaves B left C has left D had left b He …………………… his work before p.m yesterday A finish B finishes C had finishedD has finished c If we ………………… to the cinema earlier, we wouldn't have missed the start of the film A had gone B went C have gone D go d He wishes he …………………… his holidays last year A spends B had spent C has spent D spent e They …………………… by the time we came A had finished working B finish their work C finished working D have finished their work Thì tương lai hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy trước, hoàn thành xong trước hành động khác tương lai - Hành động xảy trước điểm thời gian xác định tương lai - Dùng cấu trúc: S + V (future perfect) ………………… by the time + S + V(Present simple) ………………… by the time (by + điểm thời gian) a She …………………………… high school before I arrive in London next year A leaves B left C has left D will have left b We ……………………………… our report before p.m tomorrow A has finished B had finished C will have finished D finish c Her father ……………………………… in this company for 10 years by the end of the year A works B have worked C has worked D will have worked d By the time you receive this letter, I ……………………………… for Japan A has left B had left C will have left D leave NOTES: Không dùng tương lai mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian Subject + Verb +……………………… tương lai) …………… when + Subject + Verb (không dùng whenever before after since as / as soon as while till / until just as by the time no sooner ……… than Wait here until I ………………………… you A will call B call C shall call D am going to call What will you when you ……………………………… school? A will have leftB will leave C are going to leave D leave By the time you ……………………… this book, your meal will get cold A will have read B read C have read D are going to read I'm going to stay here till my brother ……………………………… his exams A will have finished B will finish C is finishing D have finished He said he would give me a ring as soon as he ………………………… Paris A will reach B would reach C reaches D reached o0o - PRACTICE Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense forms My uncle (leave) the country before the war (begin) (had left) If it (rain) tomorrow, we won't go camping (rains) It is the most expensive coat that she (ever/buy) (has ever bought) We (wait) for our teacher since o'clock (have been waiting) I don't smoke while I (drive) a car (am driving) After I (enter) the house, it (begin) to rain (had entered) He is tired because he (drive) all day (has been driving) How long (you wait) for this answer? (have you been waiting) In the year 2010 our living conditions (be) much better (will be) 10 We don't know when the manager (return) (will return) 11 We received her letter after she (move) to a new house (had move) 12 This time next week they (fly) to France (will be flying) 13 We stopped for a rest after we (walk) for two hours (had been walking) 14 The old lady (fall) as she (get) into the bus (fell / was getting) 15 While I (write) a letter, the telephone rang (was writing) 16 By the end of this year her father (work) in this company for ten years (will have been working) 17 Every three or four years they (make) much longer migrations in large numbers (make) 18 "When did you come here?" - "I (be) here since last Sunday" (have been) 19 How many pages (you study) so far? (have you studied) 20 He (be) able to drive since he was eighteen (has been) 21 It's the first time I (see) that man here (have seen) 22 He (not finish) the work that he was assigned to (has not finished) 23 As I (run) to the station I (meet) the Browns (was running / met) 24 It is two hours since Mary (ring) the phone (rang) 25 They flew to the island, then (hire) a car for three hours and (visit) most places of interest (hired/visited) 26 When he heard the terrible noise, he asked me what (go) on (was going) 28 Take this road and you (arrive) at the hotel in five minutes (will arrive) 28 Bill is phoning his girlfriend again That's the third time he (phone) her this evening (has phoned) 29 The child screamed while the dentist (pull) out his tooth (was pulling) 30 Until you learn to relax more, you (not improve) your ability to speak English (will not improve) Exercise 3: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences Margaret as well Jane ………………………………… here since last week A has been B was C were D have been I …………………… to work when I had a puncture A shall drive B am driving C drove D was driving He ……………………… in London at this every moment A will study B studies C is studying D has been studying Before taking another degree in mathematics, Marie Curie ………………………… a physics degree A earned B had earned C was earning D has earned In 1660, Isaac Newton ………………………… to Cambridge University A went B goes C had gone D has gone He died on March 20, 1772 and …………………………… in Westminster Abby A buried B has buried C was buried D had buried I …………………… to England two years ago A go B had gone C was going D went Shakespeare ………………………… Hamlet at the end of the sixteenth century A write B wrote C had written D was written I was very nervous about my new job because I …………………… with computers before A never worked B worked never C had never worked D never had worked 10 She ……………… delighted She had passed all her exams A had been B was C had D is 11 I ……………………… the village because I had been there before A had recognized B recognize C recognized D have recognized 12 In the early 20th century, Marie ……… the first woman to receive a PhD from the Sorbonne A had become B has become C became D becomes 13 Marie and Pierre ……………………… one year after they met each other in the school of Physics A got married B married C had married D had got married 14 Before Pierre Curie died tragically, he …………………… a position as a university professor A obtained B had obtained C has obtained D obtains 15 Our Uncle Ho …………… to many countries before the August Revolution which took place in 1945 A travelled B has travelled C travels D had travelled 16 Before my brother …………………… the university, he had served in the army for years A entered B had entered C enter D was entering 17 When they met again, they ……………………… each other for years A haven't seen B didn't see C hadn't seen D had seen 18 When the police came, the thief …………………………………… A had already left B leave alreadyC has already left D was already leaving 19 Peter no longer owned a bike He ……………………… it A sold B had sold C sells D has sold 20 The guide ……………………… us tickets for a film But my husband had already seen it A offer B has offered C offered D had offered 23 This is the first time I ………………………… the experiment on plant breeding A have done B C would D did 24 "When did you first meet your present wife?" " I ……………………… her until we ……………… both nearly forty." A has not met / were C didn't meet / were C hadn't met / were D hadn't met / had been 25 How long ……………………… here by the end of next year? A will you work B you will have worked C are you working D will you have worked 26 Eleven houses ……………………………… in my village this year A had just been sold B have just sold C has just been sold D have just been sold 27 He …………………… walking for several hours and was very tired A is B has been C was D had been 28 I'll come as soon as I ……………………… my work A finished B would finish C will finish D have finished 29 She has typed ten letters …………………………………………… A yesterday B today C tomorrow D every day 30 It ………………………… every day so far this week A has rained B is raining C rained D rains 31 My sister, who …………… in the USA for the last three years, is returning to Bangkok next month A lived B had lived C has been living D had been living 32 Up to now, many beautiful buildings ………………………… in the town A were built B have been built C built D had built 33 When I met Tom yesterday, it was the first time I ………………… him since Christmas A had seen B have seen C saw D see 34 She thanked him for everything he ……………………………… A does B did C has done D had done 35 Tom was exhausted after he ……………………………… for ten hours yesterday A had worked B worked C has worked D was working 36 She asked him how long he ……………………… in Hanoi A lives B has lived C lived D had lived 37 Mary said that her father ……………………… a new car A has just bought B had just bought C will buy D just bought 38 There ……………………………… no rain since last month A is B has been C was D be 39 Please lock the door when you …………………………………… A will have leftB will leave C leave D left 40 When the police arrived, he ………………………… in the cafe having a drink A sat B sits C was sitting D have sat 41 By the time they got to the airport, the plane……………………………… A took off B takes off C has taken off D had taken off 42 By the time you get back, we ………………………… the work A will already finish B had already finished C already finish D will have already finished 43 She ………………………… the film yet A hasn't seen B hadnt seen C will not have seen D doesn't see 44 He is a writer Up to now he ………………………… 10 novels A writes B wrote C has written D had written 45 My friend …………………………… here since 1985 A lives B live C have lived D has lived 46 It …………………………………………… for the last five days A rain B rains C has rained D have rain 47 We didn't meet Tom because he ………………… when we got there A leaves B left C has left D had left 48 He …………………… his work before p.m yesterday A finish B finishes C had finishedD has finished 49 If we ………………… to the cinema earlier, we wouldn't have missed the start of the film A had gone B went C have gone D go 50 He wishes he …………………… his holidays last year A spends B had spent C has spent D spent 51 They …………………… by the time we came A had finished working B finish their work C finished working D have finished their work 52 She …………………………… high school before I arrive in London next year A leaves B left C has left D will have left 53 We ……………………………… our report before p.m tomorrow A has finished B had finished C will have finished D finish 54 Her father ……………………………… in this company for 10 years by the end of the year A works B have worked C has worked D will have worked 55 By the time you receive this letter, I ……………………………… for Japan A has left B had left C will have left D leave 56 Wait here until I ………………………… you A will call B call C shall call D am going to call 57 What will you when you ……………………………… school? A will have left B will leave C are going to leave D leave 58 By the time you ……………………… this book, your meal will get cold A will have read B read C have read D are going to read 59 I'm going to stay here till my brother ……………………………… his exams A will have finished B will finish C is finishing D has finished 60 He said he would give me a ring as soon as he ………………………… Paris A will reach B would reach C reaches D reached 61 I …………………………………… in class at this time yesterday A sat B was sitting C sit D am sitting 62 I couldn't answer your phone because I …………………………………… a bath at that time A have B had C will have D was having 63 My cousin and I …………… a film on TV when my brother ……… yesterday afternoon He ……… the end of the film with us A watched/came/was watching B was watching/comes/watched B watched/was coming/ watched D were watching/came/watched 64 ……………………………………… when you last met him? A Where did he live B Where was he living C Where is he living D Where does he live 65 He ……………………… to London two years ago A go B goes C went D was going 66 She …………………………… in Rome when she was a little girl A lives B lived C live D was living 67 The man came to the door, ……………… it, …………… the room and ……………………… to bed A unlocks / enters / goes B unlocked / entered / gone C unlocks / entered / gone D unlocked / entered / went 68 I wish I ………………………… a better memory A will have B have C was having D had 69 If he …………………………… too quickly, he wouldn't make so many mistakes A doesn't work B didn't work C wasn't working D won't work 70 She …………………… a cake when the light ……………… So she had to finish it in the dark A was making / went out B made / was going out C was making / was going out D made / went out 71 When I …………………for my passport I …………………… this old photograph A was looking / found B was looking / was finding C looked / was finding D looked / found 72 If you leave before 10 o'clock, you …………………………… the train easily A catch B caught C will catch D catches 73 You don't need your umbrella today I don't think it ………………………………… A rains B rain C is raining D will rain [...]... khứ hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy ra trước, hoàn thành xong trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ - Hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian xác định trong quá khứ -Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3: S + would (could …) have + P.P ………………, if + S + V (Past perfect) ……………… - Dùng trong câu ước quá khứ: S + wish + S + V (Past perfect) ……………………… - Dùng trong cấu trúc: S + V (Past perfect)... working B finish their work C finished working D have finished their work 4 Thì tương lai hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về: - Hành động xảy ra trước, hoàn thành xong trước một hành động khác trong tương lai - Hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian xác định trong tương lai - Dùng trong cấu trúc: S + V (future perfect) ………………… by the time + S + V(Present simple) ………………… by the time (by + điểm thời... HIỆU DÙNG THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ 1 Thì quá khứ đơn thường dùng với các cụm từ cấu trúc sau: yesterday yesterday morning (afternoon, evening) last night (week, month, year…) a week ago, 2 years ago … in 1990 S + would (could/might) + V ………………… if + S + V (Past simple) ……………… - Dùng trong câu ước hiện tại: S + wish + S + V (Past simple) ……………………… 2 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành thường dùng với các cụm từ cấu trúc sau:... works B have worked C has worked D will have worked d By the time you receive this letter, I ……………………………… for Japan A has left B had left C will have left D leave NOTES: Không dùng thì tương lai trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian Subject + Verb +……………………… tương lai) …………… when + Subject + Verb (không dùng thì whenever before after since as / as soon as while till / until just as by the time no sooner ………