Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP GIỚI TỪ (P1) I Tóm tắt giảng Giới từ thời gian a at / on at dawn: vào lúc bình minh, at mid night: vào lúc nửa đêm at o'clock : vào lúc giờ, at (the age of ) 16: tuổi 16 on + date: e.g, on Monday, on June 1st, on Monday morning, on Christmas Day, on the morning of the sixth (vào buổi sáng ngày mồng 6) b by / before by / before + Mốc thời gian khứ →Mệnh đề chia khứ hoàn thành by / before + Mốc tương lai / Thì tương lai →Mệnh đề chia tương lai hoàn thành by the time + Clause - By the time I came home yesterday, the party had finished - By the time I am 40, I'll have lost all my hair - By 2030, - By the end of July, I will have finished the course before + V-ing Before signing the contract, Some where before: trước đây, some time before: lúc trước I remember seeing him some where before c on time / in time / in good time on time: ; in time: kịp lúc ; in good time: I arrived at the hall in good time for the concert (Tôi đến kịp (sớm chút) buổi hòa nhạc.) d at the beginning (of) sth / at the end (of) sth In the beginning, / At first, / Firstly, In the end, / At last / Finally, - At the beginning of the book, there is often a table of content - At the end there may be an index - In the beginning / At first / Firstly, we used hand tools Later, we used machines - At first, he opposed the marriage, but in the end, he gave his consent e from to / till / until - Where are you from? - Where you come from? f since / for / during since + mốc thời gian / mệnh đề khứ: kể từ I have studied since July I have studied for months since = for: Mệnh đề mốc thời gian sau “since” bỏ nhắc đến trước Ví dụ: He left school in 1999 I haven't seen him since for + period of time - Last night, I slept for hours - Ha has slept for hours During + danh từ / cụm danh từ (During không với mệnh đề) Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Ví dụ: during the Middle Ages (trong suốt thời trung cổ), during 1905, during the summer (trong suốt mùa hè), during my childhood (trong suốt thời thơ ấu), during the night / all night … “for” có nghĩa cho, ví dụ: - I bought a book for Tom - I went there for my summer holiday - ask for: yêu cầu cho g till / until + Mốc thời gian / Mệnh đề - I will wait here until PM - I will wait here until he comes back - I won't leave until he comes back - He usually pays me on Friday but last week he didn't pay me until the following Monday after / afterwards + Mốc thời gian / Mệnh đề I called him and then / afterwards I came to visit him (Tôi gọi điện cho sau đến thăm anh ta.) I called him and I came to visit him afterwards not long afterwards (không lâu sau ) / soon afterwards (ngay sau đó) I called him and not long afterwards I came to visit him Một số giới từ liên quan đến chuyển động back to When are you coming back to Ho Chi Minh city? arrive in + tên thị xã , tên nước arrive in Vietnam, Hanoi arrive at + tên làng, nhà hàng, khác sạn arrive at + the airport / the cross roads / the hotel come / get to: đến địa điểm reach + địa điểm (không có giới từ kèm) They got to the top of the mountain before sunset →They reached the top of the mountain before sunset return to Đi phương tiện vận chuyển dùng giới từ by: by bike, by bus, by plane, by helicopter, by sea, by air Đi : on foot Dùng “in” có sở hữu cách: I went there in Tom's car (Tôi đến xe Tom.) get on / get off: lên xe, xuống xe Ví dụ: get on/ get off the train get into / come into: vào bên tòa nhà get out of: I tried to get out of the car before it exploded walk along : dọc theo turn left / right: rẽ trái, phải walk pass the church: nhà thờ down the street: cuối đường You will see the bank down the street (Bạn thấy ngân hàng cuối đường.) opposite: đối diện; in front of: trước; behind : sau - There is a tree in front of the house Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP - There is a bank opposite my house - There is a lake behind my house II Bài nhà Exercise Complete the sentences Use at on or in + the following: the evening about 20 minutes 1492 the same time the moment 21 July 1969 the 1920s night Saturdays the Middle Ages 11 seconds Columbus made his first voyage from Europe to America …… If the sky is clear, you can see the stars …………………………………………………………… After working hard during the day, I like to relax ………………………………………………… Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon …………………………………………… It's difficult to listen if everyone is speaking …………………………………… Jazz became popular in the United States …………………………………… I'm just going out to the shop I'll be back …………………………………… (on the phone) 'Can I speak to Dan?' “I'm afraid he's not here……………………………………” Many of Europe's great cathedrals were built …………………………………… 10 Ben is a very fast runner He can run 100 metres …………………………………… 11 Liz works from Monday to Friday Sometimes she also works ………………………………… Exercise Put in at, on or in Mozart was born in Salzburg in 1756 I haven't seen Kate for a few days I last saw her ……… Tuesday The price of electricity is going up ……… October ……………… weekends, we often go for long walks in the country I've been invited to a wedding ………… 14 February Jonathan is 63 He'll be retiring from his job ………… two years' time I'm busy just now, but I'll be with you ………… a moment Jenny's brother is an engineer, but he doesn't have a job ………… the moment There are usually a lot of parties ……… New Year's Eve 10 I don't like driving …… night 11 My car is being repaired at the garage It will be ready ……… two hours 12 The telephone and the doorbell rang ……… the same time 13 Mary and David always go out for dinner ……… their wedding anniversary 14 It was a short book and easy to read I read it ……… a day 15 ……… Saturday night I went to bed ……… midnight 16 We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived …… o'clock ……… the morning 17 The course begins ……… January and ends sometime …… April 18 I might not be at home ……… Tuesday morning, but I'll he there ……… the afternoon Exercise Complete the sentences with on time or in time The bus was late this morning, but it's usually ………… The film was supposed to start at 8.30, but it didn't begin ……… I like to get up … to have a big breakfast before going to work We want to start the meeting ……… , so please don't be late I've just washed this shirt I want to wear it this evening, so I hope it will be dry ………… Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP The train service isn't very good The trains are rarely …… I nearly missed my flight this morning I got to the airport just …… I nearly forgot that it was Joe's birthday Fortunately I remembered …… Why are you never …… ? You always keep everybody waiting Exercise Put in at or in I'm going away …… the end of the month It took me a long time to find a job ………the end I got a job in a hotel Are you going away … the beginning of August or …… the end? I couldn't decide what to buy Laura for her birthday I didn't buy her anything … the end We waited ages for a taxi We gave up … the end and walked home I'll be moving to a new address …… the end of September We had a few problems at first, but the end everything was OK I'm going away …… the end of this week A: I didn't know what to B: Yes, you were in a difficult position What did you … the end? Exercise Put in for or during It rained … three days without stopping I fell asleep … the film I went to the theatre last night I met Sue … the interval Martin hasn't lived in Britain all his life He lived in Brazil … four years Production at the factory was seriously affected … the strike I felt really ill last week I could hardly eat anything … three days I waited for you … half an hour and decided that you weren't coming Sarah was very angry with me She didn't speak to me … a week We usually go out at weekends, but we don't often go out … the week 10 Jack started a new job a few weeks ago Before that he was out of work … six months 11 I need a change I think I'll go away … a few days 12 The president gave a long speech She spoke … two hours 13 We were hungry when we arrived We hadn't had anything to eat … the journey 14 We were hungry when we arrived We hadn't had anything to eat … eight hours Exercise Put in during or while We met a lot of interesting people … we were on holiday We met a lot of interesting people … our holiday I met Mike … I was shopping …… I was on holiday, I didn't read any newspapers or watch TV …… our stay in Paris, we visited a lot of museums and galleries The phone rang three times … we were having dinner The phone rang three times … the night I had been away for many years …… that time, many things had changed What did they say about me … I was out of the room? 10 I went out for dinner last night Unfortunately I began to feel ill … the meal and had to go home 11 Please don't interrupt me … I'm speaking 12 There were many interruptions … the president's speech 13 Can you lay the table … I get the dinner ready? Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 14 We were hungry when we arrived We hadn't had anything to eat … we were travelling KEY Exercise 1 in 1492 at the same time in the Middle Ages Exercise 2 on in on 10 at 16 at, in 17 on, in Exercise on time on time on time in time Exercise at In at…at Exercise for during during 10 for Exercise while during During while at night in the 1920s 10 in 11 seconds in the evening in about 20 minutes 11 (on) Saturdays At 11 in 18 on, in on 12 at in 13 on in time in time on time ontime in time in at at on 21 July 1969 at the moment in in in 14 in at 15 on, at in during 11 for for 12 for during 13 during for for for 14 for while 10 during While 11 while During 12 during while 13 while Moon.vn during 14 while Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98