luận văn thạc sĩ the mapping of land surface temperature using satellite images and gis in dai tu district thai nguyen province

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY MUI MINH TUNG TOPIC TITLE: THE MAPPING OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE USING SATELLITE IMAGES AND GIS IN DAI TU DISTRICT – THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science And Management Faculty : International Training and Development Center Batch : 2010 - 2015 THAI NGUYEN 15/01/2015 i n Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Full name MUI MINH TUNG Student ID DTN1053110215 The mapping of land surface temperature using satellite Thesis title images and GIS in Dai Tu district - Thai Nguyen province Supervisor MSC NGUYEN VAN HIEU Abstract: Land surface temperature is an important factor for a wide variety of applications such as hydrology, agriculture, biogeochemistry and climate change etc as well as an important parameters in researching environmental status, especially for urban environment However, calculating LST with the high accuracy has been one of the biggest preoccupations of scientists due to the influence of the ability of the surface emission Thai Nguyen City, one of the fast-expanding cities and the biggest industrial, commercial centers in Vietnam, has many aspects of active development under urbanization However, that high economic growth brings many impacts of high pollution levels in to the urban area Surface temperature and land cover types can be directly derived from remotely sensed data, which provides a powerful way to monitor urban environment and human activities By using ArcGIS and ENVI software and remote sensing data, the raw thermal band data of Landsat satellite images are converted to land surface temperature in degree Celsius The data is used for detection of surface temperature i n change during 1996-2014 and estimation of the increased rate of temperature rise to understand the intensity of global warming in the present and previous period Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen, GIS, Land surface temperature, Land Keywords cover types, ArcGIS software, ENVI software Number of pages 63 Date of submission January 15, 2015 ii n ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Approved by the Advanced Education Program - Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, I have successfully conducted the research: “the mapping land surface temperature using satellite images and GIS tool in Dai Tu district” First and foremost, I would like to thank my research supervisors, Msc.Nguyen Van Hieu vice director in “Center for foreign language and applied informatics”, who helped me a lot during the internship time Without the assistance and dedicated involvement in every step throughout the process, this research would have never been accomplished I also would like to show gratitude to the employees of spatial research laboratory, who helped and supported me to accomplish my research In addition, I would like to thank my family and my friends by always staying by my side, who encourage and help me in learning and researching Thai Nguyen, 15/01/ 2015 Author Mui Minh Tung iii n luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .1 LIST OF TABLES .2 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .3 PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and rationale 1.2 Research objectives 1.3 The requirement 1.4 The significance PART II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Theoretical basis 2.1.1 The land surface temperature 2.1.3.Geographic information systems and remote sensing technology 10 2.2 Practical basis 18 2.2.1 The research on land surface temperature in the world 18 2.2.2 The research on land surface temperature in Viet Nam 21 PART III METHODS 24 3.1 Materials 24 3.1.1 The objects and scope of research 24 b The scope 24 3.1.2 The content 24 3.2 Methods 24 3.2.1 Collecting and selecting data 24 3.2.2 Inherited method 25 3.2.3 Determining land surface temperature 25 3.2.4 Land cover classification 28 luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n iv luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province 3.2.5 Map editor 32 PART IV RESULTS 33 4.1 The natural conditions and socioeconomic in research area 33 4.1.1 Natural conditions 33 4.1.2 Socioeconomic conditions 41 4.1.3 Summary of the current land used and land management activities in Dai Tu 44 4.1.4 General assessment of the natural conditions, socioeconomic conditions and environment in research area 46 4.2 Determining land surface temperature 46 4.2.1 Data Investigation and collection 46 4.2.2 Conversion of the Digital Number (DN) to Spectral Radiance (Lλ) 47 4.2.3 Conversion of the Spectral Radiance to Temperature 48 4.3 Land cover types classification 52 4.4 Map editor 56 PART V DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 59 5.1 Discussion 59 5.2 Conclusion 59 REFERENCES 61 luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n v luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1 Determining land surface temperature process 25 Figure 3.2 Land cover classification process .29 Figure 3.3 Map editor process 32 Figure 4.1 The administration map of Dai Tu district 2013 .33 Figure 4.2 The average temperature in Dai Tu observation station year 2013 40 Figure 4.3 Landsat thermal band 47 Figure 4.4 Band marth tool 48 Figure 4.5 Spectral Radiance image 48 Figure 4.6 Emissivity Normalization tool .49 Figure 4.7 Land surface temperature in 1996 .49 Figure 4.8 Land surface temperature in 2014 .50 Figure 4.9 Composited bands .52 Figure 4.10 Clip function tool 53 Figure 4.11 NDVI map .53 Figure 4.12 Land cover type map in 1996……………………………………………55 Figure 4.13 Land cover type map in 2014 55 Figure 4.14 Data frame tool 56 Figure 4.15 the locator map 57 Figure 4.16 Other map elements 57 Figure 4.17 Land surface temperature map 1996 .58 Figure 4.18 Land surface temperature map 2014 .58 luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 K1 and K2 Values in Landsat images .27 Table 3.2 Rescaling Factor 27 Table 3.3 The K1, K2 value in Landsat images 28 Table 3.4 Rescaling Factor of Landsat images 28 Table 3.5 Band Combinations for Landsat 31 Table 4.1 Dai Tu district area divided by the height and slope 34 Table 4.2 The average rainfall in some observation station of Dai Tu district 38 Table 4.3 Monthly mean humidity of Dai Tu district in recent years 39 Table 4.4 Land use structure of Dai Tu district in 2014 .45 Table 4.5 Land cover classification 54 Table 4.6 Land cover statistical 55 luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CAD Computer-Aided Design CARIS Computer Aided Resource Information System DN Digital number DOS Disk Operating System ERDAS Earth Resource Data Analysis System ERSI Environmental Systems Research Institute GIS Geographic InformationSystems GPS Global Positioning System LIDAR Light Detection And Ranging LST Land surface temperature MIDAS Mapping Display and Analysis System RADAR Radio Detection And Ranging RS Remote sensing UCL Urban Canopy Layer UBL Urban Boundary Layer UHI Urban Heat Island luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and rationale Land surface temperature is an important factor for a wide variety of applications such as hydrology, agriculture, biogeochemistry and climate change etc as well as an important parameters in researching environmental status, especially for urban environment However, calculating LST with the high accuracy has been one of the biggest preoccupations of scientists due to the influence of the ability of the surface emission Observing land surface temperature in a province becomes more difficult because we cannot build a system of weather stations with the high density and continuous operation Remote sensing data with the characteristics of multiphase, short time to process and covering the wide region enable the users to observe the location particularly and continuously, as well as the temperature change of a certain area Thai Nguyen is one of the provinces developing rapidly with high industrialization and urbanization rate It causes the changes in its land surface temperature especially in Dai Tu district areas For the reason mentioned above, I choose the topic “The land surface temperature mapping of Dai Tu district, Thai Nguyen province using satellite image and GIS”; to better serve environmental management and natural resource supervision purposes, together with evaluating the application of remote sensing in studying the temperature 1.2 Research objectives - Researching the land surface temperature in Dai Tu district - Mapping the land surface temperature of Dai Tu district - Assessing the impact of land cover to the land surface temperature in Dai Tu luan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.provinceluan.van.thac.si.the.mapping.of.land.surface.temperature.using.satellite.images.and.gis.in.dai.tu.district.thai.nguyen.province n